Valencia: The Complete Guide

Valencia, the capital of the Valencian Community, is a dynamic city that seamlessly blends historical charm with modern innovation. Its Ciutat Vella (Old Town) is a treasure trove of architectural wonders, where visitors can stroll through Plaza de la Virgen, admire the Valencia Cathedral, and explore the atmospheric streets of Barrio del Carmen. Meanwhile, the futuristic City of Arts and Sciences offers an entirely different experience, showcasing cutting-edge museums, an opera house, and an oceanarium, all set against striking contemporary architecture.

Beyond its urban landmarks, Valencia’s Mediterranean coastline provides idyllic seaside retreats. Playa de la Malvarrosa and Playa de las Arenas invite visitors to soak up the sun, enjoy beachfront dining, or take a scenic walk along the promenade. For nature lovers, the Albufera Natural Park, just a short drive from the city, is a serene escape where travelers can experience Valencia’s traditional fishing villages and enjoy boat rides through its tranquil lagoons. The balance between city life and coastal beauty makes Valencia a unique destination that caters to every travel style.

Valencia’s rich culinary scene is another highlight, with the city proudly recognized as the birthplace of paella. Whether savoring an authentic paella Valenciana in a seaside tavern or indulging in fresh market produce at Mercado Central, food lovers will find endless delights in the city’s vibrant gastronomic offerings. The local traditions also come alive during festivals like Las Fallas, where giant artistic sculptures and firework displays create an electrifying atmosphere. Whether drawn to Valencia for its historical depth, beachfront serenity, or thriving culinary scene, the city offers an unforgettable experience year-round.

History of Valencia

Roman Foundation

Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC by the consul Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus. It was originally named Valentia Edetanorum and served as a settlement for retired Roman soldiers. The city quickly grew due to its strategic location on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

Moorish Occupation

In 714, Moroccan and Arab Moors occupied Valencia. They introduced their language, religion, and customs to the city. The Moors implemented advanced irrigation systems and cultivated new crops, which significantly boosted the region’s agriculture. Valencia became the capital of the Taifa of Valencia during this period.

Christian Reconquest

In 1238, King James I of Aragon conquered Valencia. He redistributed the land among his nobles, a process documented in the Llibre del Repartiment. James I also established the Furs of Valencia, a new legal code that extended to the entire Kingdom of Valencia. This period marked the beginning of significant Christian influence and architectural development in the city.

Loss of Autonomy

In the 18th century, during the War of the Spanish Succession, Valencia sided with the Habsburgs. After their defeat, King Philip V of Spain abolished the Furs of Valencia and other regional privileges as punishment. This led to a loss of autonomy and significant changes in the city’s governance and legal systems.

Capital of Spain

Valencia briefly served as the capital of Spain twice. The first instance was in the summer of 1812 when Joseph Bonaparte moved the Spanish Court there during the Peninsular War. The second instance was between 1936 and 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, when the city became the capital of the Second Spanish Republic.

Modern Era

In the 20th and 21st centuries, Valencia has grown into a major urban center. The Port of Valencia became the busiest container port in the Mediterranean Sea. Significant urban development projects, such as the City of Arts and Sciences, have transformed the city into a modern metropolis. Valencia’s historic center remains one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 hectares of ancient monuments, scenic views, and cultural attractions.

Festivals and Traditions

Valencia is renowned for its vibrant festivals and traditions. The most famous is the Fallas, a festival celebrated every March that includes the creation and burning of large wooden and papier-mâché sculptures. The Fallas was declared a Fiesta of National Tourist Interest in Spain in 1965 and recognized as Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO in 2016.

Political Leadership

From 1991 to 2015, Rita Barberá Nolla served as the mayor of Valencia. In 2015, Joan Ribó from Coalició Compromís was elected mayor. Under their leadership, the city has continued to develop its infrastructure, cultural institutions, and international profile.

Valencia’s rich history, from its Roman foundation to its modern development, reflects its importance as a cultural and economic hub in Spain.

Visiting Valencia for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Valencia on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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