Alicante: The Complete Guide
Alicante is a city in Spain situated along the Costa Blanca. It serves as the capital of the province of Alicante and the comarca of Alacantí. Historically, it has been a significant Mediterranean port. As of 2016, the city of Alicante had a population of 330,525, making it the second-largest city in the Valencian Community. The greater Alicante conurbation, which includes nearby municipalities, had a population of 452,462. The metropolitan area, with an estimated population of 757,085 in 2014, ranks as the eighth-largest in Spain.
History of Alicante
Early History of Alicante
Alicante’s history dates back to ancient times when the area was inhabited by Iberian tribes. The town, originally known as Akra Leuka, meaning “White Summit,” was founded by the Greeks in the 4th century BC. It later became an important trading post for the Carthaginians.
Roman Era in Alicante
During the Roman period, Alicante was known as Lucentum. It flourished as a Roman town, benefiting from its strategic coastal location and becoming a significant center for commerce and trade. Remains of this era, including the Roman city of Lucentum, can still be seen today in the Tossal de Manises archaeological site.
Alicante Under Moorish Rule
In the 8th century, the Moors conquered Alicante, renaming it Al-Laqant. The town prospered under Moorish rule, with advancements in agriculture, architecture, and trade. The construction of the Castle of Santa Bárbara during this period provided a strong defensive fortification, which remains a prominent landmark.
The Christian Reconquest of Alicante
In 1246, Alicante was captured by King Alfonso X of Castile during the Christian Reconquest. The town was officially incorporated into the Kingdom of Castile in 1308. This period saw the construction of significant Christian structures, including churches and the expansion of the Castle of Santa Bárbara.
Alicante in the Modern Era
The 15th and 16th centuries marked a period of growth and development for Alicante. The town became an important port, facilitating trade with the rest of Europe and the Mediterranean. In 1490, King Ferdinand II granted Alicante city status, further boosting its economic and political significance.
The War of Spanish Succession and Alicante
During the War of Spanish Succession in the early 18th century, Alicante faced significant turmoil. The city was besieged and heavily damaged, particularly during the siege of 1709. However, it quickly recovered and continued to grow in the subsequent years.
Alicante in the 19th and 20th Centuries
The 19th century brought industrialization to Alicante, with the development of industries such as textiles, agriculture, and tobacco. The construction of the railway in 1858 connected Alicante to the rest of Spain, enhancing its role as a major port and trade center.
In the 20th century, Alicante continued to expand, with significant urban development and modernization. The city’s port became one of the busiest in Spain, and tourism emerged as a vital industry, driven by Alicante’s beautiful beaches and favorable climate.
Contemporary Alicante
Today, Alicante is a vibrant and modern city that seamlessly blends its rich historical heritage with contemporary amenities. The city is a major tourist destination, known for its cultural festivals, historic sites, and stunning coastline. The annual Hogueras de San Juan festival, with its spectacular bonfires and fireworks, is one of the most significant cultural events in Alicante.
Alicante’s history is a testament to its resilience and adaptability, making it a fascinating destination for those interested in exploring Spain’s diverse historical and cultural landscape.
Visiting Alicante for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Alicante on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!
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Best places to See in
1. Explore the Castle of Santa Bárbara
Visit the Castle of Santa Bárbara, perched on Mount Benacantil. This historic fortress offers stunning panoramic views of Alicante and the Mediterranean Sea. Explore its ancient walls, dungeons, and exhibitions detailing the castle’s history.
2. Stroll Along Explanada de España
Walk along the Explanada de España, a beautiful promenade lined with palm trees and a mosaic of marble tiles. It’s a great place to enjoy a leisurely stroll, with plenty of cafes and shops along the way.
3. Visit the Archaeological Museum of Alicante (MARQ)
Discover the rich history of Alicante at the Archaeological Museum (MARQ). The museum features fascinating exhibits from the prehistoric, Iberian, Roman, and medieval periods, and it has been awarded as the best European museum.
4. Relax at Postiguet Beach
Spend a day at Postiguet Beach, located just a short walk from the city center. Enjoy the golden sands, clear waters, and a range of beachside amenities. It’s a perfect spot for swimming, sunbathing, and beach sports.
5. Discover the Basilica of Santa María
Visit the Basilica of Santa María, the oldest active church in Alicante. Built on the site of a former mosque, this stunning Gothic church features a beautiful Baroque facade and an impressive interior.
6. Explore the Old Town (El Barrio)
Wander through El Barrio, Alicante’s charming old town. Discover narrow streets, colorful houses, and vibrant nightlife. Key sites include the Co-Cathedral of St. Nicholas and the picturesque Plaza de Carmen.
7. Tour the San Fernando Castle
Explore San Fernando Castle, a historic fortress located on Tossal Hill. Although less known than the Castle of Santa Bárbara, it offers great views and a peaceful setting for a walk or a picnic.
8. Visit the Gravina Museum of Fine Arts (MUBAG)
Discover the Gravina Museum of Fine Arts, housed in a historic palace. The museum showcases an impressive collection of Spanish art from the Middle Ages to the 20th century, with a focus on local artists.
9. Enjoy Tabarca Island
Take a boat trip to Tabarca Island, the smallest inhabited island in Spain, located off the coast of Alicante. Enjoy its crystal-clear waters, ideal for snorkeling and diving, and explore the charming village with its historic fortifications.
10. Experience the Central Market
Visit the Central Market of Alicante, a bustling marketplace housed in a beautiful early 20th-century building. It’s the perfect place to experience local culture, taste fresh produce, and buy traditional Spanish foods and products.
