Oviedo: The Complete Guide

Oviedo, the capital of Asturias, is a city rich in history, culture, and stunning architecture. Nestled in northern Spain, it serves as a gateway to the Cantabrian Mountains and the lush landscapes of Asturias. The city boasts a well-preserved medieval old town, where visitors can explore landmarks such as the Cathedral of San Salvador, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Oviedo is also known for its pre-Romanesque churches, including Santa María del Naranco and San Miguel de Lillo, which reflect the region’s unique artistic heritage.
Asturias and Cantabria, two neighboring regions, share a deep connection through their natural beauty and cultural traditions. Oviedo is a perfect starting point for exploring the Cantabrian coast, with its dramatic cliffs and picturesque fishing villages. The city itself is famous for its culinary delights, particularly Asturian cider, which is poured in a distinctive manner to enhance its flavor. The local cuisine, featuring fabada asturiana (a hearty bean stew) and queso de Cabrales (a strong blue cheese), is a must-try for visitors.
Beyond its historical and gastronomic appeal, Oviedo is a vibrant cultural hub. The city hosts the Princess of Asturias Awards, an internationally recognized event celebrating achievements in arts, sciences, and humanities. Its lively streets, adorned with sculptures and charming cafés, invite visitors to experience the warm hospitality of Asturias. Whether exploring its museums, parks, or nearby coastal towns, Oviedo offers a perfect blend of tradition and modernity, making it a captivating destination in northern Spain.
Table of Contents
- History of Oviedo
- Early History
- Kingdom of Asturias
- Reconquista and Medieval Period
- Renaissance and Early Modern Period
- Industrial Revolution
- Spanish Civil War
- Contemporary Oviedo
- Best things to do and See in Oviedo
- Oviedo Cathedral (Catedral de San Salvador)
- Old Town (Casco Antiguo)
- Santa María del Naranco and San Miguel de Lillo
- San Julián de los Prados
- Campo de San Francisco
- Museum of Fine Arts of Asturias
- Archaeological Museum of Asturias
- El Fontán Market
- Teatro Campoamor
- La Foncalada
- 1Monte Naranco
- 1Gastronomy
- Where to Stay in Oviedo
- Best Time to Visit Oviedo
- How to get to Oviedo
History of Oviedo
Early History
Oviedo, located in the region of Asturias in northern Spain, has its origins in the early Middle Ages. The city was founded in 761 AD by two monks, Máximo and Fromestano, who established a monastery on a hill known as Oveto. The monastery quickly grew in importance and attracted a community of settlers.
Kingdom of Asturias
In the late 8th century, Oviedo became the capital of the Kingdom of Asturias under King Fruela I. The city’s significance increased as it became the political, religious, and cultural center of the kingdom. During this period, several important buildings were constructed, including the San Salvador Cathedral and the royal palace.
Reconquista and Medieval Period
Oviedo played a crucial role during the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule. The city served as a refuge and a strategic base for Christian forces. Throughout the medieval period, Oviedo continued to develop, with the construction of churches, monasteries, and other religious institutions.
Renaissance and Early Modern Period
During the Renaissance, Oviedo experienced significant growth and modernization. The city expanded beyond its medieval walls, and new public buildings and infrastructure were developed. The University of Oviedo was founded in 1608, further establishing the city as a center of learning and culture.
Industrial Revolution
The 19th century brought industrialization to Oviedo, transforming it into a significant industrial and commercial hub. The development of coal mining and steel production in Asturias contributed to the city’s economic growth. Oviedo also became a key transportation center with the expansion of the railway network.
Spanish Civil War
Oviedo played a notable role in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The city was besieged by Republican forces but remained under Nationalist control throughout most of the conflict. The war caused significant damage to Oviedo, and extensive reconstruction efforts were required in the post-war period.
Contemporary Oviedo
Today, Oviedo is a vibrant and modern city that retains its historical charm. It serves as the administrative capital of the Principality of Asturias and is known for its rich cultural heritage, including numerous historical landmarks, museums, and cultural events. Oviedo’s historic center, with its well-preserved medieval architecture, is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Oviedo continues to be a significant cultural and economic center in northern Spain, attracting visitors with its blend of history, culture, and natural beauty.
Visiting Oviedo for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Oviedo on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!
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