Zaragoza: The Complete Guide

Zaragoza is the capital city of the Zaragoza province and the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It is situated by the Ebro River and its tributaries, the Huerva and the Gállego, roughly at the center of both Aragon and the Ebro basin. As of January 1, 2019, the population of Zaragoza was 706,904 within its administrative limits on a land area of 1,062.64 square kilometers, making it the fifth-largest city in Spain. It ranks as the 32nd most populous municipality in the European Union. The population of the metropolitan area was estimated at 783,763 inhabitants in 2006. The municipality is home to more than 50 percent of the Aragonese population.

The city lies at an elevation of 199 meters above sea level. Zaragoza hosted Expo 2008, a world’s fair focused on water and sustainable development, and was a candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2012.

Zaragoza is famous for its folklore, local gastronomy, and landmarks such as the Basílica del Pilar, La Seo Cathedral, and the Aljafería Palace. Together with La Seo and the Aljafería, several other buildings form part of the Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Fiestas del Pilar are among the most celebrated festivals in Spain.

History of Zaragoza

Ancient Origins

Zaragoza, the capital of the Aragon region in northeastern Spain, has a history that dates back over 2,000 years. Originally founded by the Romans in 24 B.C. as Caesaraugusta, it was named in honor of Emperor Augustus. The city was an important Roman colony and featured typical Roman infrastructure, including a forum, baths, and a theater.

Visigothic and Moorish Periods

After the fall of the Roman Empire, Zaragoza came under Visigothic control in the early 5th century. The Visigoths ruled until the early 8th century when the Moors conquered the city. Under Moorish rule, Zaragoza, known as Saraqusta, became a flourishing center of commerce, culture, and learning. The Moors constructed significant architectural works, including the Aljafería Palace, which still stands today.

Reconquista and Christian Rule

In 1118, Zaragoza was reconquered by Alfonso I of Aragon during the Christian Reconquista. The city was incorporated into the Kingdom of Aragon and became a major political and economic center. The reconquest led to a period of rebuilding and expansion, including the construction of significant religious and civic buildings.

Renaissance and Modern Era

During the Renaissance, Zaragoza experienced cultural and economic growth. The city became known for its art, literature, and architecture. In the 16th century, it hosted the Cortes (parliament) of Aragon. Zaragoza also faced challenges, including conflicts during the War of the Spanish Succession and the Napoleonic Wars, which led to the Siege of Zaragoza in 1808-1809, where the city famously resisted French forces.

20th Century to Present

In the 20th century, Zaragoza continued to develop industrially and economically. The city played a significant role during the Spanish Civil War and later underwent modernization and expansion. The construction of infrastructure, such as the Zaragoza-Delicias railway station and Expo 2008, has reinforced its status as a key transport and cultural hub.

Contemporary Zaragoza

Today, Zaragoza is a vibrant city known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and dynamic economy. It is home to important landmarks such as the Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar, La Seo Cathedral, and the Aljafería Palace. Zaragoza continues to attract visitors with its blend of historical and modern attractions, showcasing its evolution through the ages.

Visiting Zaragoza for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Zaragoza on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Visit the Basílica del Pilar

Explore the Basílica del Pilar, one of the most iconic landmarks in Zaragoza. This stunning baroque church, located on the banks of the Ebro River, is famous for its beautiful frescoes by Goya and its impressive domes.

2. Discover the Aljafería Palace

Visit the Aljafería Palace, a magnificent fortified Islamic palace that now serves as the seat of the Aragonese Parliament. The palace showcases a blend of Islamic, Gothic, Mudejar, and Renaissance architectural styles.

3. Wander Through the Old Town

Stroll through the historic Old Town of Zaragoza, characterized by its narrow streets, charming squares, and beautiful buildings. Key sites include Plaza del Pilar, Plaza de España, and Calle Alfonso I.

4. Admire the Cathedral of La Seo

Admire the Cathedral of La Seo, an impressive Gothic cathedral with a mix of architectural styles, including Mudejar, Renaissance, and Baroque. The cathedral’s intricate facade and stunning interior are must-sees.

5. Explore the Roman Theater Museum

Discover the Roman Theater Museum, which houses the remains of a large Roman theater dating back to the 1st century AD. The museum provides insights into the ancient history of Zaragoza and its Roman heritage.

6. Visit the Goya Museum

Explore the Goya Museum, dedicated to the life and works of the famous Spanish painter Francisco de Goya. The museum features an extensive collection of Goya’s paintings, drawings, and engravings.

7. Walk Along the Ebro River

Take a leisurely walk along the Ebro River, enjoying the scenic views and the tranquility of the water. The riverbanks are lined with parks, gardens, and pedestrian paths, making it a perfect spot for a relaxing stroll.

8. Discover the Museum of Zaragoza

Visit the Museum of Zaragoza, which offers a comprehensive look at the city’s history and culture. The museum’s collections include archaeological artifacts, fine arts, and ethnographic exhibits.

9. Relax in Parque Grande José Antonio Labordeta

Spend time in Parque Grande José Antonio Labordeta, the largest park in Zaragoza. The park features beautiful gardens, fountains, and walking paths, providing a peaceful escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.

10. Explore the Patio de la Infanta

Admire the Patio de la Infanta, a beautifully preserved Renaissance courtyard that is part of the Ibercaja headquarters. The courtyard features intricate carvings and serves as a venue for cultural events and exhibitions.

11. Visit the Pablo Gargallo Museum

Discover the Pablo Gargallo Museum, dedicated to the works of the renowned Aragonese sculptor Pablo Gargallo. The museum is housed in a historic building and showcases a wide range of his sculptures and drawings.

12. Enjoy Local Cuisine at Traditional Restaurants

Sample traditional Aragonese cuisine at one of Zaragoza’s many restaurants. Don’t miss trying local specialties such as ternasco (roast lamb), migas (fried breadcrumbs), and borrajas (a local vegetable).

13. Experience Zaragoza’s Nightlife

Enjoy Zaragoza’s vibrant nightlife by visiting its many bars, clubs, and live music venues. Areas like El Tubo and La Magdalena are popular spots for a night out.

14. Attend Local Festivals and Events

Experience the lively culture of Zaragoza by attending one of its many local festivals and events. Notable celebrations include the Fiestas del Pilar in October, which feature parades, music, and traditional dances.

15. Visit the IAACC Pablo Serrano

Explore the IAACC Pablo Serrano, a contemporary art museum dedicated to modern and contemporary art. The museum features works by Pablo Serrano and other contemporary artists, as well as temporary exhibitions.