Ourense: The Complete Guide
Stretching along the banks of the river Miño is the city of Ourense, which maintains its traditional connection to the river through its iconic Roman bridge. A historic crossroads, the Old City preserves many significant sites, with the Cathedral standing out among them. The Miño River, which flows through the heart of the city, has shaped the provincial capital’s current appearance. Nearly two thousand years ago, the Romans settled in this area, drawn by its thermal springs among other attractions. The best-preserved relic from that era is “a ponte vella” (the Old Bridge), which spans the Miño and has become a symbol of the city. While some ashlar stones at the base are remnants of the original Roman construction, the bridge was restored in the 13th and 17th centuries, resulting in its current form featuring a pointed arch and ramps.
History of Ourense
Ancient Origins
Ourense, located in northwestern Spain, traces its origins back to prehistoric times. The area was inhabited by various Celtic tribes before the arrival of the Romans.
Roman Era
The Romans founded the city of Ourense around the 1st century AD, attracted by the region’s abundant thermal springs. They named the city “Auriense,” which means “city of gold,” reflecting the area’s wealth. The Romans constructed several significant infrastructures, including the famous “a ponte vella” (Old Bridge) over the Miño River, which remains one of the city’s most iconic landmarks. The thermal baths, known as “Burgas,” were also developed during this period and have been used continuously ever since.
Medieval Period
During the Middle Ages, Ourense grew as a significant religious and commercial center. The construction of the Ourense Cathedral began in the 12th century, and it became a crucial site for Christian pilgrimage. The city’s strategic location along trade routes contributed to its economic development. The Roman bridge was restored during this period, enhancing its role in facilitating trade and movement.
Early Modern Period
In the early modern period, Ourense continued to thrive, despite facing several challenges such as invasions and economic fluctuations. The city maintained its importance due to its agricultural production and trade. The 17th century saw further restoration of the Old Bridge, ensuring its preservation and continued use.
19th and 20th Centuries
The 19th and 20th centuries brought significant changes to Ourense. The city expanded beyond its medieval walls, developing new neighborhoods and modern infrastructure. Industrialization and the construction of railways connected Ourense more effectively to other parts of Spain, boosting its economy and population growth.
Contemporary Ourense
Today, Ourense is a vibrant city known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and thermal springs. The city blends its ancient Roman roots with modern amenities, attracting tourists and locals alike. Landmarks such as the Ourense Cathedral, the Old Bridge, and the Burgas thermal baths continue to define the city’s character. Ourense is also known for its lively festivals, traditional cuisine, and scenic landscapes, making it a unique destination in the Galicia region of Spain.
Visiting Ourense for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Ourense on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!
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