A Coruña: The Complete Guide
A Coruña is a city and municipality in Galicia, Spain. It is the most populous city and the second most populous municipality in the autonomous community, ranking seventeenth in the country overall. The city serves as the capital of the province of the same name and was the political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries. It also functioned as the regional administrative center between 1833 and 1982 before being succeeded by Santiago de Compostela.
A Coruña is a bustling port situated on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the main industrial and financial hub of northern Galicia and is home to the headquarters of the Universidade da Coruña.
History of A Coruña
A Coruña, located in the Galicia region of northwest Spain, has a rich and varied history that stretches back thousands of years. Here is an overview of its historical development:
Pre-Roman and Roman Period
The history of A Coruña can be traced back to prehistoric times, with evidence of human settlement in the area. The region was originally inhabited by Celtic tribes known as the Artabri. The strategic coastal location made it an important site for early maritime trade.
With the arrival of the Romans in the 2nd century BCE, the settlement became more significant. The Romans built the Tower of Hercules, a lighthouse that still stands today and is the oldest Roman lighthouse still in use. A Coruña (known as Brigantium during Roman times) became an important port and trading hub in the Roman Empire.
Medieval Period
After the fall of the Roman Empire, A Coruña saw various invasions by the Suebi, Visigoths, and Moors. In the 8th century, the area came under the control of the Kingdom of Asturias and later the Kingdom of Galicia. During this time, A Coruña began to develop as a medieval town, with its port continuing to be a vital part of its economy.
In the 12th century, A Coruña was granted its first municipal charter by King Alfonso IX of León, which helped to formalize its status as a town. The medieval period also saw the construction of significant religious buildings, including the Church of Santiago and the Church of Santa María.
Early Modern Period
The 16th century marked a period of growth and prosperity for A Coruña. The city played a crucial role in Spain’s maritime endeavors, serving as the departure point for the Spanish Armada in 1588. However, this period also brought conflict; A Coruña was attacked by English forces under Sir Francis Drake in 1589, but the city successfully repelled the invasion.
In the same century, A Coruña became the political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia, a status it retained until the 19th century. The city was a center of administration and trade, contributing to its growth and development.
19th Century
The 19th century was a time of significant change for A Coruña. The city played a role in the Peninsular War against Napoleon’s forces. In 1809, the Battle of Corunna (or Battle of Elviña) took place near the city, with British forces fighting against the French. Despite the French victory, the British managed a successful evacuation.
Later in the century, A Coruña underwent modernization, with improvements in infrastructure, including the expansion of the port and the construction of new roads and railways. The city’s importance as a commercial and industrial hub in northern Spain grew during this period.
20th Century to Present
The 20th century brought both challenges and progress to A Coruña. The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and the subsequent Franco dictatorship had significant impacts on the city. However, the latter half of the century saw economic recovery and modernization. The establishment of the Universidade da Coruña in 1989 further cemented the city’s status as a center of education and culture.
Visiting A Coruña for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in A Coruña on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!
This website uses affiliate links which earn a small commission at no additional cost to you.
Best places to See in = $city_name ?>
1. Visit the Tower of Hercules
Explore the Tower of Hercules, the oldest working Roman lighthouse in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Climb to the top for breathtaking views of the Atlantic Ocean and the city.
2. Discover the Plaza de María Pita
Spend time in the Plaza de María Pita, the main square of A Coruña. Admire the impressive City Hall building and learn about the city’s history through the statue of María Pita, a local heroine.
3. Stroll Along the Paseo Marítimo
Take a walk along the Paseo Marítimo, one of the longest urban promenades in Europe. Enjoy the scenic views of the coastline, beaches, and landmarks such as the Tower of Hercules and the Castillo de San Antón.
4. Visit the Aquarium Finisterrae
Explore the Aquarium Finisterrae, an interactive aquarium located near the Tower of Hercules. Discover a variety of marine life, including species native to the Atlantic Ocean, and enjoy the unique exhibits and touch tanks.
5. Discover the Science and Technology Museum
Visit the Science and Technology Museum (MUNCYT) to explore interactive exhibits and displays on various scientific topics. The museum features a wide range of activities and exhibitions suitable for all ages.
6. Relax at Riazor Beach
Spend a day at Riazor Beach, one of the most popular beaches in A Coruña. Enjoy swimming, sunbathing, and various water sports, or simply relax and take in the beautiful surroundings.
7. Explore the Old Town (Ciudad Vieja)
Wander through the charming streets of the Old Town, characterized by its historic buildings, narrow alleyways, and lively plazas. Key sights include the Church of Santiago, the Santa María Church, and the Plaza de Azcárraga.
8. Visit the Domus Museum
Discover the Domus Museum, also known as the House of Man, which focuses on the human body and its various aspects. The museum offers interactive exhibits and activities that are both educational and entertaining.
9. Admire the San Antón Castle
Explore the San Antón Castle, a 16th-century fortress that now houses the Archaeological and History Museum of A Coruña. The castle offers fascinating exhibits and stunning views of the harbor.
10. Walk Through the Jardines de Méndez Núñez
Relax in the Jardines de Méndez Núñez, a beautiful park in the city center. The gardens feature lush greenery, statues, and fountains, making it a perfect spot for a leisurely stroll or a picnic.
11. Visit the Picasso House Museum
Learn about the early life of the famous artist Pablo Picasso at the Picasso House Museum. The museum is located in the apartment where Picasso lived with his family as a child and features personal artifacts and reproductions of his early works.
12. Discover the Military Museum
Explore the Military Museum of A Coruña, which showcases a wide range of military artifacts, including weapons, uniforms, and historical documents. The museum offers insights into the military history of the region.
13. Enjoy Local Cuisine at Traditional Restaurants
Sample traditional Galician cuisine at one of A Coruña’s many restaurants. Don’t miss trying local specialties such as pulpo a la gallega (Galician-style octopus), empanada gallega, and fresh seafood.
14. Attend Local Festivals and Events
Experience the vibrant culture of A Coruña by attending one of its many local festivals and events. Notable celebrations include the Feast of Saint John (Noite de San Xoán) in June, featuring bonfires and fireworks, and the María Pita Festival in August.
15. Explore the Emilia Pardo Bazán House Museum
Visit the Emilia Pardo Bazán House Museum, dedicated to the life and works of the famous Galician writer Emilia Pardo Bazán. The museum is located in her former residence and offers a glimpse into her literary legacy.