Calais: The Complete Guide

Visiting Calais is an experience that combines coastal charm with a blend of cultural and natural beauty. The town’s proximity to both the English Channel and mainland Europe makes it a unique destination for those traveling across borders. The stunning beaches along the coastline offer beautiful views and a great place to relax or take a scenic walk. Calais also has a lively atmosphere with bustling markets, lovely cafes, and a vibrant local community that creates a welcoming environment for visitors. Whether you’re enjoying the fresh sea breeze or strolling around its pleasant streets, there’s always something inviting about Calais.

For visitors with an interest in art and architecture, the town offers several notable sites to explore, including the impressive Calais Lace Museum and the striking lighthouse. While the city may be more modern than some of its counterparts in France, it still offers a glimpse into the country’s maritime heritage. Calais’ location also makes it an ideal base for excursions into the wider Hauts-de-France region, where visitors can discover more about the area’s rich cultural fabric. With an excellent transport network, Calais offers easy access to various other regions, making it a perfect stop on a larger exploration of northern France.

History of Calais

Early History of Calais

The history of Calais dates back to ancient times, with evidence of Celtic and Roman settlements in the area. During the Roman era, the town became a small but significant port, providing access to the northern regions of Gaul. The area’s strategic location by the sea made it a hub for trade and maritime activities, contributing to its development.

The Medieval Period in Calais

In the 14th century, Calais gained significant importance during the Hundred Years’ War. In 1347, after a lengthy siege, the town was captured by the English, and it became part of England’s French territories. The English held Calais for over 200 years, and it remained an important English stronghold and trading port during this time, helping shape much of the town’s medieval architecture and infrastructure.

Calais and the Renaissance

After the Treaty of Picardie in 1558, Calais was returned to France, marking the end of English rule. The French began to rebuild and modernize the town, reinforcing its strategic position as a major port in the region. This period saw the construction of fortifications and the growth of the local economy, driven by trade and the development of the lace industry, which would become a key part of Calais’ identity.

Calais During the French Revolution and Beyond

The French Revolution brought significant changes to Calais, as it did to much of France. The town’s fortifications were dismantled, and the local economy, once reliant on the monarchy and aristocracy, shifted towards more industrial pursuits. In the 19th century, the town became a center of lace-making, which would dominate the local economy for many years, and its port saw an expansion due to increased trade and maritime activity.

Calais in the 20th Century

Calais experienced great hardship during both World Wars. In World War I, the town was a key strategic location and was heavily bombarded. During World War II, Calais was occupied by the German forces and was a major site for military operations. After the war, the town underwent significant reconstruction, and by the latter half of the 20th century, Calais had re-established itself as an important port and industrial center. The modern Calais, while marked by its rich history, has become a bustling town with significant international connections due to its proximity to the United Kingdom.

Visiting Calais for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Calais on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Calais Lighthouse

The Calais Lighthouse offers stunning panoramic views of the city and the surrounding coastline. Visitors can climb the 271 steps to reach the top and enjoy an unforgettable view over the English Channel. The lighthouse itself is a historic and architectural landmark, standing as a symbol of the city’s maritime heritage.

2. The Calais War Museum

The Calais War Museum provides an insightful look at the city’s role during both World Wars. Exhibits cover military history, focusing on the D-Day landings and the impact of the war on the region. It’s an essential stop for history buffs wanting to understand the local and international significance of Calais.

3. Les Six Bourgeois

Les Six Bourgeois is a powerful sculpture in Calais, commemorating the heroic actions of six men during the Hundred Years’ War. These individuals sacrificed themselves to save the city from English invasion. The sculpture, located near the town hall, is a moving tribute to courage and selflessness.

4. The Calais Beach

The sandy beach of Calais offers a peaceful escape with beautiful views of the Channel. It’s perfect for a relaxing day out, with options for walking, swimming, or simply enjoying the seaside atmosphere. Calais Beach is also known for its impressive seafront promenade, which is ideal for a leisurely stroll.

5. The Burghers of Calais

This famous statue by Auguste Rodin depicts six citizens who gave themselves up to English forces in exchange for the city’s safety. Located near the Town Hall, it’s one of the most iconic pieces of art in Calais. Visitors can reflect on the historical importance of the monument while appreciating its artistic value.

6. The Calais Town Hall

The Calais Town Hall is a magnificent example of Flemish Renaissance architecture. Visitors can admire its grand facade, clock tower, and historic features. It’s located in the heart of the city and is a must-see for those interested in Calais’ architectural heritage.

7. Musée des Beaux-Arts de Calais

The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Calais is a fine arts museum that showcases a variety of works from classical to modern art. With pieces by artists such as Delacroix, Monet, and Rodin, it offers an enriching cultural experience. The museum is housed in a beautiful building, adding to the overall charm of the visit.

8. The Calais Canal

The Calais Canal is a picturesque spot where visitors can enjoy a boat ride or walk along the water. It connects the city to the sea, offering scenic views and a calm atmosphere. It’s also an excellent place for birdwatching or simply relaxing by the water’s edge.

9. Parc Richelieu

Parc Richelieu is a beautiful public park in the center of Calais, perfect for a peaceful stroll. The park features lovely gardens, shaded pathways, and a small lake, offering a quiet retreat. It’s also an ideal spot for picnics or enjoying a relaxing afternoon outdoors.

10. Cité Internationale de la Dentelle et de la Mode

The Cité Internationale de la Dentelle et de la Mode celebrates Calais’ history as a hub for lace-making and textile production. Visitors can explore exhibitions that detail the craft of lace-making and the fashion industry’s influence on the city. The museum highlights both the history and innovation of this significant local industry.