Fortress of Justinian, Tirana

Ruins in Tirana

CC BY-SA 4.0 / Ardit Ajdini

Justinian's Fortress, better known as the Castle of Tirana, is one of the most atmospheric historic corners of Albania's capital. Once marking the intersection of the city's main north-south and east-west roads, it was quite literally the heart of old Tirana. Although only fragments of the original fortifications remain today, the site has been beautifully reimagined as a lively cultural and culinary enclave. Combining history with modern urban flair, it stands out as one of the top attractions in Tirana for travelers looking to experience both heritage and local life.

Set between Skanderbeg Square, the Parliament, and the Academy of Sciences, the fortress is an inviting stop for anyone exploring the city on foot. Its restored walls, standing up to six meters high, date back to the Byzantine period and are believed to have been part of Emperor Justinian's defensive network. Today, the area surrounding the ruins has been transformed into a pedestrian zone filled with shops, restaurants, and artisan boutiques—a great place to visit on a walking tour of Tirana that bridges past and present in the most seamless way.

History and Significance of Justinian’s Fortress
Things to See and Do in Justinian’s Fortress
How to Get There
Practical Tips on Visiting Justinian’s Fortress
Is Justinian’s Fortress Worth Visiting?
FAQs for Visiting Justinian’s Fortress
Nearby Attractions to Justinian’s Fortress

History and Significance of Justinian’s Fortress

The origins of the Castle of Tirana trace back to before 1300, with its foundations linked to the Byzantine era under Emperor Justinian I. At the time, the fortress served as a key point of defense and administration, positioned where the city's main trade routes converged. Though much of the original structure was lost through centuries of conflict and urban expansion, sections of the ancient walls remain visible today, particularly along Murat Toptani Street where the foundations were uncovered and integrated into the city's pedestrianized center.

During Ottoman rule, the area around the castle grew into a bustling commercial and social hub, reflecting Tirana’s transformation from a small fortress town into a regional capital. By the 19th century, the defensive role of the fortress had faded, but its historical heart continued to define the city’s identity. The rediscovery and revitalization of the site in recent decades have allowed locals and visitors alike to reconnect with this deep historical lineage.

Things to See and Do in Justinian’s Fortress

While little of the original fortress structure remains, the site has been given new life as one of Tirana’s most inviting leisure spaces. Since its official reopening in December 2018, the castle’s interior has become known as the Old Bazaar (Kalaja e Tiranës), a pedestrian-friendly complex where cobblestone walkways lead to boutique shops, art galleries, cafés, and traditional restaurants. Here, visitors can sample Albanian cuisine, shop for handmade crafts, or simply relax in a shaded courtyard with a glass of local wine.

The blend of old stone walls and modern architecture creates a captivating contrast, while regular cultural events—such as artisan markets and live performances—add to the atmosphere. Even if you come for the history, you’re likely to stay for the food, ambiance, and friendly conversation that make this a living, breathing part of Tirana’s cultural landscape.

How to Get There

Justinian's Fortress is centrally located, only a few minutes' walk south of Skanderbeg Square and adjacent to Murat Toptani Street. It's easy to reach on foot from most central hotels and attractions, with taxis and city buses also stopping nearby. Limited parking is available on side streets in the area. If you are looking to rent a car in Albania I recommend having a look at Discover Cars, first, as they compare prices and review multiple car rental agencies for you.

If arriving from Tirana International Airport, it's about a 25-minute drive or shuttle ride to the city center. For the best deals and a seamless booking experience, check out these flights to Tirana on Booking.com.

Practical Tips on Visiting Justinian’s Fortress

Best time to visit Justinian’s Fortress: Late afternoon or evening when shops and restaurants are lively and the lighting is ideal.
Entrance fee in Euros: Free.
Opening hours: Open daily; individual shops and cafés have varying hours.
Official website: Information available through Visit Tirana’s portal.
How long to spend: 1–2 hours for exploring and dining.
Accessibility: Flat, pedestrianized area suitable for most visitors.
Facilities: Restrooms and seating available within cafés and restaurants.
Photography tip: Capture the contrast between the ancient stone walls and modern glass-fronted buildings.
Guided tours: Offered as part of walking tours of central Tirana.
Nearby food options: Numerous dining venues inside the fortress, plus restaurants along Murat Toptani Street.

Is Justinian’s Fortress Worth Visiting?

Yes, Justinian's Fortress is one of the must-see places in Tirana for those who enjoy history woven into modern city life. Though it's not a traditional castle with towers and battlements, the site offers an authentic experience of Tirana's evolution—from Byzantine stronghold to vibrant cultural hotspot. It's an ideal spot to unwind, dine, and reflect on the layers of history that continue to shape Albania's capital.

FAQs for Visiting Justinian’s Fortress

Is there much of the original castle left?
Only fragments of the Byzantine walls remain, but they’ve been beautifully preserved within the modern setting.

Can you visit for free?
Yes, entry is completely free, and the area is open to the public.

Are guided tours available?
Yes, many city walking tours include the fortress as a stop.

Is it suitable for families?
Absolutely—the area is safe, pedestrian-only, and filled with family-friendly cafés and shops.

Are there cultural events held here?
Yes, seasonal fairs, art exhibitions, and food festivals are often hosted within the complex.

Nearby Attractions to Justinian’s Fortress

Skanderbeg Square – Tirana's central plaza surrounded by museums and government buildings.
Et'hem Bey Mosque – A beautifully painted 18th-century mosque near the square.
National Historical Museum – The largest museum in Albania, chronicling the nation's history.
Rinia Park – A peaceful green escape in the heart of the city, just steps away.
Bunk'Art 2 – A Cold War-era underground bunker turned museum exploring Albania's communist past.

The Fortress of Justinian appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Tirana!

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