Baden-Baden: The Complete Guide

Baden-Baden, located in the region of Baden-Württemberg, is a spa town famous for its elegance, thermal baths, and cultural sophistication. Visitors come to relax in its world-renowned spas like the Caracalla Therme and Friedrichsbad, which offer a mix of Roman and modern bathing experiences. The town is surrounded by the natural beauty of the Black Forest, making it ideal for peaceful walks, scenic drives, and forest hikes.

Beyond its wellness appeal, Baden-Baden also offers a refined cultural experience with venues like the Kurhaus, home to a historic casino, and the Festspielhaus, one of Europe’s largest opera and concert halls. Strolling through the Lichtentaler Allee or exploring the art collections at the Museum Frieder Burda adds a touch of luxury to any visit. With its blend of relaxation, nature, and culture, Baden-Baden is perfect for travelers looking to unwind in style.

History of Baden-Baden

Roman Beginnings of Baden-Baden

Baden-Baden’s history dates back to Roman times, when soldiers discovered its natural hot springs. The Romans built baths and a small settlement known as Aquae around the 1st century AD. Ruins of the ancient Roman baths can still be seen today, providing insight into its early role as a spa destination.

Medieval Baden-Baden

In the Middle Ages, Baden-Baden developed into a fortified town and served as a residence for the Margraves of Baden. The town grew slowly around its thermal waters, with Stiftskirche and the Neues Schloss (New Castle) becoming notable landmarks. Despite its modest size, it maintained regional importance due to its noble connections.

Baden-Baden in the 18th and 19th Centuries

The town experienced a major revival in the 18th century when the European elite began flocking to its spas. By the 19th century, Baden-Baden had become a fashionable health resort, often referred to as the “Summer Capital of Europe.” Grand hotels, casinos, and cultural venues were built, attracting royalty, writers, and artists from across the continent.

Baden-Baden in the 20th Century

During the World Wars, the town remained mostly intact and continued as a quiet spa destination. In the post-war period, Baden-Baden evolved into a cultural and wellness hub, known for its festivals, art institutions, and preserved Belle Époque charm. It also became a site for international diplomacy and media.

Modern-Day Baden-Baden

Today, Baden-Baden retains its reputation as a luxury spa town and UNESCO World Heritage Site under the “Great Spa Towns of Europe.” Its historic charm blends seamlessly with modern amenities, making it a destination for wellness tourism, art, and nature. The town continues to attract visitors seeking a refined and rejuvenating experience.

Visiting Baden-Baden for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Baden-Baden on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Visit the Caracalla Spa in Baden-Baden

The Caracalla Spa offers a modern bathing experience with expansive pools, both indoor and outdoor, filled with the region’s renowned thermal waters. Visitors can enjoy a variety of saunas, whirlpools, and relaxation areas designed to rejuvenate the body and mind. The contemporary architecture and serene atmosphere make it a perfect spot for unwinding.

2. Explore the Museum Frieder Burda in Baden-Baden

Designed by architect Richard Meier, the Museum Frieder Burda is a striking building that houses an impressive collection of modern and contemporary art. Art enthusiasts can admire works by renowned artists such as Picasso, Pollock, and Richter. The museum’s setting along the Lichtentaler Allee enhances the cultural experience.

3. Walk Along Lichtentaler Allee in Baden-Baden

Lichtentaler Allee is a historic park and arboretum stretching over two kilometers along the Oos River. Lined with a variety of trees, flowers, and sculptures, it’s ideal for leisurely strolls or picnics. The avenue also connects several of the city’s cultural institutions and landmarks.

4. Discover the Hohenbaden Old Castle in Baden-Baden

Perched on a hill overlooking the city, the ruins of Hohenbaden Old Castle date back to the 12th century. Visitors can explore the remnants of this historic fortress and enjoy panoramic views of Baden-Baden and the surrounding Black Forest. The site also features a wind harp that produces melodic sounds when the wind blows.

5. Ride the MerkurBergbahn to Merkur Mountain in Baden-Baden

The MerkurBergbahn is one of the steepest funicular railways in Europe, transporting visitors to the summit of Merkur Mountain. At the top, there are hiking trails, a lookout tower, and a restaurant offering regional cuisine. The summit provides breathtaking views of the Rhine Valley and the Black Forest.

6. Experience the Casino Baden-Baden in Baden-Baden

Housed within the Kurhaus, the Casino Baden-Baden is famed for its opulent interiors inspired by French palaces. Guests can try their luck at various gaming tables or simply admire the lavish décor. Evening concerts and events add to the casino’s vibrant atmosphere.

7. Visit the Fabergé Museum in Baden-Baden

Dedicated to the works of Russian jeweler Carl Fabergé, this museum showcases a collection of over 700 pieces, including the famous Fabergé eggs. The exhibits provide insight into the craftsmanship and history of these exquisite creations. It’s a unique cultural experience for art and history lovers.

8. Stroll Through the Rose Society Garden in Baden-Baden

Located on the Beutig hill, the Rose Society Garden features over 400 varieties of roses in beautifully landscaped terraces. Visitors can enjoy the vibrant colors and fragrances, especially during the blooming season. The garden also offers picturesque views of the city.

9. Explore the Roman Bath Ruins in Baden-Baden

Beneath the modern spa facilities lie the well-preserved ruins of ancient Roman baths, dating back nearly 2,000 years. Guided tours provide insights into the sophisticated engineering and bathing culture of the Romans. It’s a fascinating glimpse into the city’s long-standing spa tradition.

10. Attend a Performance at the Festspielhaus in Baden-Baden

The Festspielhaus is one of Europe’s largest opera and concert halls, hosting world-class performances ranging from classical music to contemporary shows. The venue’s acoustics and architecture make it a premier destination for art lovers. Attending a performance here is a highlight of Baden-Baden’s cultural scene.