Wat Phan Tao
Temple in Chiang Mai
Wat Phan Tao is a historic temple in Chiang Mai, originally established in the 14th century. Initially, it served as living quarters for the monks of nearby Wat Chedi Luang. Its name is often translated as the “Temple of 1,000 Kilns,” referencing the ovens once used here to cast Buddha images. Another interpretation of the name suggests it means “to increase 1,000 times.”
From 1846 to 1854, the temple was repurposed as a royal palace (ho kham) by Chao Mahawong, a ruler from the Chao Chet Ton Dynasty, which governed Chiang Mai and the former Lanna Kingdom. This was after the region became part of the Siamese Chakri Dynasty following the expulsion of the Burmese in 1775. In 1876, the royal residence was demolished, and the materials, particularly the teak, were repurposed to construct the present-day viharn.
Architectural Highlights of Wat Phan Tao
The Viharn
A plaque at the entrance describes the viharn as “the most beautiful teak viharn in Chiang Mai.” However, its exterior contrasts with this claim, being plain and rough in appearance, lacking the glossy black lacquer commonly found in teak temples. For comparison, Wat Sadue Muang offers a more ornamented teak viharn.
The viharn is built with square-paneled walls and small windows with slender wooden bars. Its gable end features a vibrant mosaic of a peacock, a symbol of King Mahawong, the last royal resident of the site. Beneath the peacock is a dog, representing King Mahawong’s zodiac animal, surrounded by four nagas with hamsa birds at the corners.
The three-tiered roof is tiled and split into two sections, with simplified nagas adorning the bargeboards and eagle-shaped chofas extending from the apex.
Inside, the viharn has a dark, atmospheric interior typical of teak buildings. The ambiance is often described as “the most atmospheric wat in the old city.” The thick teak columns, left unadorned, add to its natural and understated charm. While the traditional brown and green floor tiles might feel out of place, the rows of bowls for offerings, suspended by gold and white banners featuring zodiac animals, maintain a sense of ritual and reverence.
The main Buddha image is highly photogenic, exuding a serene and meditative aura. The simplicity of the largely undecorated wall behind the altar helps center attention on the image itself. Additionally, four other seated Buddha figures in similar poses flank the main image. A single gilded naga beside the altar, along with wax flowers, provides the only additional decoration.
The Chedi
The temple’s chedi has seen significant transformation. Previously a dark stone structure with a maroon bell, it now gleams with golden cladding, creating a striking contrast to its original appearance. The chedi retains its octagonal, pyramid-like structure, culminating in a bell-shaped top crowned by a spectacular gilded finial.
Facing the viharn is a large niche housing a Buddha image. Surrounding the chedi are around 20 smaller gilded mini-chedis, each over 10 feet tall, along with red-fenced mondops on pillars. Together, they create a dazzling array of spires and towers that encircle the chedi’s base.
Other Features
Although there is no ubosot, the temple features a serene lake area near the viharn. During the Visakha Bucha Festival in May, monks light hundreds of lamps here, making the temple a focal point for celebrations. A notable highlight of this area is a Buddha statue seated on a rock beneath a Bodhi tree.
The temple grounds also house a fine octagonal pavilion near the entrance, dedicated to a revered monk. Worshippers have covered the accompanying images in gold leaf. Additionally, the Dhammamethisueksa School, a Buddhist teaching institution within the temple, provides education for novice monks and others interested in Buddhism.
Festivals and Celebrations
Wat Phan Tao transforms into a magical setting during festivals, particularly:
- Visakha Bucha: Monks light hundreds of butter lamps, creating a mesmerizing display of flickering lights on water and around the temple grounds.
- Loy Krathong: The temple becomes a focal point of the festival, with lanterns and floating offerings adding to its enchanting ambiance.
These events are perfect opportunities to witness the temple’s spiritual and cultural significance come to life.
Preservation and Renovations
The temple has undergone several renovations to preserve its historic wooden structure.
- 1975: The back wall and foundations were replaced with concrete to address damage caused by rain.
- 2021: Wat Phan Tao temporarily closed for repairs after its wooden structure suffered insect damage.
Today, the temple continues to stand as a testament to Chiang Mai’s history and craftsmanship.
Why Visit Wat Phan Tao?
Wat Phan Tao offers a unique experience, blending historical significance, intricate architecture, and spiritual tranquility. Whether you’re drawn by its fascinating history, looking to capture its beautiful carvings, or hoping to experience its vibrant festivals, this temple is a must-visit stop in Chiang Mai’s Old City.
The Wat Phan Tao appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Chiang Mai!
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Visiting Wat Phan Tao
8.00am to 5.00pm
Free entry
Nearby Attractions
- Wat Chedi Luang (0.2) km
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Temple in Chiang Mai
