There is evidence of the existence of this church since medieval times, built in the place where, according to tradition, was the birthplace of San Fermín.

It is located in the old part of Pamplonçes, between Calle Dos de Mayo and Calle Aldapa, on the esplanade that extends in front of the Palacio de los Virreyes (current Royal and General Archive of Navarra). This place located on a slope (hence its name Aldapa), constituted the first settlement of the Roman civilization in Pamplona. The excavations carried out in the transept and in the church’s sacristy resulted in the appearance of a Roman mosaic and part of a thermal bath, while on the upper level the foundations of the primitive hermitage of San Pedro de los Reyes de Navarra were found. .