Alcalá de Henares: The Complete Guide
Alcalá de Henares, situated 35 kilometers (22 miles) northeast of Madrid, is a fantastic day trip from the capital. From its rich literary heritage to its vibrant tapas scene, here are the top attractions and activities to enjoy when visiting this charming city.
History of Alcalá de Henares
Early History of Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares has ancient origins, with evidence of human settlement dating back to the Bronze Age. The town was originally known as Complutum when it became a significant Roman city in the 1st century BC. It thrived as a strategic location along the Roman road network.
Medieval Alcalá de Henares
During the Middle Ages, Alcalá de Henares underwent significant changes. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Visigoths and later the Moors controlled the area. The Moors renamed it Al-Qal’a Nahar, meaning “Castle on the Henares,” which eventually evolved into its current name. In 1118, the city was reconquered by the Christians under the leadership of King Alfonso VI of Castile.
Renaissance and the University of Alcalá
The Renaissance period marked a golden age for Alcalá de Henares. In 1499, Cardinal Cisneros founded the University of Alcalá, which became one of the most prestigious educational institutions in Spain. The university attracted scholars from across Europe and played a crucial role in the Spanish Renaissance and the spread of humanist ideas.
Birthplace of Cervantes
Alcalá de Henares is famously known as the birthplace of Miguel de Cervantes, the author of “Don Quixote.” Born in 1547, Cervantes is one of Spain’s most celebrated literary figures. His legacy is deeply woven into the cultural fabric of the city, with numerous monuments and a dedicated museum in his honor.
Modern Alcalá de Henares
In the 19th and 20th centuries, Alcalá de Henares underwent modernization and growth, transitioning into a suburban area of Madrid while preserving its rich historical and cultural heritage. The university was moved to Madrid in the 19th century, but a new university, the University of Alcalá, was established in 1977, continuing the city’s academic tradition.
Alcalá de Henares Today
Today, Alcalá de Henares is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its well-preserved historical center and its contributions to Spanish culture and education. The city’s blend of ancient history, vibrant culture, and academic excellence makes it a fascinating destination for visitors from around the world.
Visiting Alcalá de Henares for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Alcalá de Henares on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!
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Best places to See in
1. Visit the University of Alcalá
Explore the historic University of Alcalá, founded in 1499 by Cardinal Cisneros. The university’s stunning architecture and rich history make it a must-see attraction.
2. Tour the Cervantes Birthplace Museum
Visit the Cervantes Birthplace Museum, dedicated to Miguel de Cervantes, the author of “Don Quixote.” The museum provides insights into the life and works of Spain’s most famous writer.
3. Stroll through Plaza de Cervantes
Enjoy a leisurely walk through Plaza de Cervantes, the main square of Alcalá de Henares. The square is surrounded by historic buildings and is a central hub of activity in the city.
4. Explore the Regional Archaeological Museum
Discover the Regional Archaeological Museum, which houses artifacts from the prehistoric to the medieval periods. The museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the region’s ancient past.
5. Admire the Alcalá Cathedral
Visit the Alcalá Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of Saints Justo and Pastor. The cathedral’s beautiful architecture and historical significance make it a key landmark.
6. Walk through Calle Mayor
Stroll along Calle Mayor, the longest porticoed street in Spain. The street is lined with shops, cafes, and historic buildings, making it a perfect place to soak in the local atmosphere.
7. See the Archbishop’s Palace
Explore the Archbishop’s Palace, a historic building that once served as the residence of the archbishops of Toledo. The palace is known for its beautiful architecture and gardens.
8. Visit the Corral de Comedias
Experience the Corral de Comedias, one of the oldest theaters in Europe. This historic venue hosts a variety of performances and offers a glimpse into Spain’s theatrical heritage.
9. Discover the Roman City of Complutum
Explore the archaeological site of Complutum, the ancient Roman city that preceded Alcalá de Henares. The site includes well-preserved ruins and informative displays about Roman life.
10. Enjoy the Parque O’Donnell
Relax in Parque O’Donnell, a beautiful park that offers a peaceful escape from the city. The park features walking paths, fountains, and plenty of green space for a leisurely afternoon.
