Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence

Cathedral in Florence

Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore Piazza Duomo
Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore Piazza Duomo

Santa Maria del Fiore, better known as the Florence Cathedral, is one of the best places to visit in Florence, an extraordinary masterpiece that defines the city's skyline with its vast marble façade and imposing red-tiled dome. This colossal cathedral, stretching 153 meters long and crowned with an octagonal dome soaring 90 meters above the church floor, stands as the architectural soul of Florence. It is also a highlight of any walking tour of Florence, offering an unforgettable blend of Gothic grandeur and Renaissance innovation.

The cathedral is named after the city itself-Florentia, the City of Flowers-and its emblem, the Florentine lily. Its construction began in 1296 under Arnolfo di Cambio, but the building we admire today reflects centuries of design evolution, culminating in Brunelleschi's revolutionary dome. Whether admired from Piazza del Duomo or climbed from within, the cathedral embodies the artistic brilliance that defines Florence.

History and Significance of Santa Maria del Fiore

Construction began on 8 September 1296, when Arnolfo di Cambio envisioned a monumental church for a growing and ambitious city. His original plan was later expanded by Francesco Talenti in the 14th century, giving the cathedral its enormous scale. The church wasn’t consecrated until 1436, upon completion of Brunelleschi’s dome-a marvel of engineering that remains one of the great achievements of the Renaissance.

The cathedral's name, “Santa Maria del Fiore,” honours both the Virgin Mary and the symbolic flower of Florence. It stands as a testament to civic pride, religious devotion, and the city's role as a cradle of artistic and architectural innovation.

Over the centuries, the cathedral’s exterior evolved as well. The original medieval façade by Arnolfo was never fully completed and was eventually dismantled. The stunning neo-Gothic façade seen today was designed by Emilio De Fabris in the 19th century, adorned by leading Tuscan artists who gave it its richly sculpted beauty.

Things to See and Do in Santa Maria del Fiore

The cathedral’s exterior is a symphony of white, red, and green marble arranged in geometric patterns and stylised floral motifs. Visitors can admire its grand portals, four mullioned windows, circular oculi, and intricate sculptural details.

Inside, the soaring nave leads toward the presbytery beneath the colossal dome. The dome itself-Brunelleschi's masterpiece-is decorated with vast frescoes of the Last Judgment painted by Vasari and Zuccari. Climbing the dome provides extraordinary panoramic views over Florence and a close look at the frescoes.

The radial apses house five chapels each, creating a harmonious spatial arrangement. Visitors can also appreciate the striking marble floor, monumental pillars, and historical artworks throughout the interior.

For those wishing to explore further, combined tickets allow entry to the Baptistery, Giotto's Bell Tower, Brunelleschi's Dome, and the Opera del Duomo Museum, where many original sculptures are preserved.

How to Get to Santa Maria del Fiore

Florence Airport, Peretola, offers frequent tram and taxi connections directly into the city centre. For the best deals and a seamless booking experience, check out these flights to Florence on Booking.com.

Santa Maria Novella train station is just a 10-15 minute walk from the cathedral, making it very convenient for travellers arriving by rail. Use Omnio to easily compare schedules, book train tickets, and find the best prices all in one place for a hassle-free journey across Italy.

Driving into the historic centre is restricted due to ZTL zones; visitors should park outside the city centre and walk or take a taxi to the cathedral. If you are looking to rent a car in Italy I recommend having a look at Discover Cars, first, as they compare prices and review multiple car rental agencies for you.

Practical Tips on Visiting Santa Maria del Fiore

  • Suggested tips: Book your dome climb time slot in advance, as these often sell out.
  • Best time to visit: Early morning or late afternoon for fewer crowds.
  • Entrance fee in Euros: Entry to the cathedral is free; dome, bell tower, and museum require ticket packages (€15-€30 depending on options).
  • Opening hours: Vary by attraction; check schedules before visiting.
  • Official website: Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore.
  • How long to spend: 1-2 hours; longer if climbing the dome or visiting the museum.
  • Accessibility: The cathedral is accessible; dome and tower climbs are not.
  • Facilities: Nearby cafés, restrooms, gift shops, and ticket offices.
  • Photography tip: Capture the façade from the edge of Piazza del Duomo for a full architectural view.
  • Guided tours: Skip-the-line and dome tours are widely available.
  • Nearby food options: Numerous bakeries and trattorias around Via dei Calzaiuoli and Via del Proconsolo.

Where to Stay close to Santa Maria del Fiore

For breathtaking views of the cathedral, consider Hotel Brunelleschi, located just steps away. Another excellent choice is Hotel Spadai, offering modern comfort beside the Duomo. For a classic Florentine stay, Rodo Boutique Hotel sits directly between the cathedral and Piazza della Signoria.

Is Santa Maria del Fiore Worth Visiting?

Absolutely. As the architectural heart of Florence and home to one of the most extraordinary domes ever built, Santa Maria del Fiore offers an unforgettable encounter with the city's artistic and cultural heritage. Its scale, beauty, and historical significance make it a must-visit for every traveller.

What Other Travellers Say...

Reviews Summary

4.8 (106,277)

Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore sits on Piazza del Duomo in Florence and is famed for its red-tiled dome, polychrome marble façade and the nearby Giotto tower; visitors praise the striking exterior, frescoed dome ceiling and interior artworks and stained glass, note that entry to the cathedral itself is free though some areas and the dome climb require separate tickets, recommend arriving early to avoid crowds, allow 30 minutes to a few hours to explore, and many say climbing to the top rewards you with panoramic views of Florence.

S S
a week ago
"It’s one of my favorite cathedrals in Italy. It’s a must visit place when in Florence. The interior of the cathedral is stu ing. Suggest stayinginside for a while and taking it all in. Tickets aren’t required to enter inside the cathedral but some spaces within or adjacent to the cathedral requires tickets. You can also go to the dome with a separate ticket. There’s also a lot to do around the cathedral, including buying art, eating good food or even gelatos. You can definitely spend a couple of hours here...."
Sun Lee
3 weeks ago
"The Florence Duomo is more than just a building; it is an architectural symbol of the entire Italian Renaissance, dominating the city and theskyline. What immediately strikes you is the opulence and intricacy of its decoration. The façade, clad in colored marble (white from Carrara, green from Prato, and pink from Maremma), is a stu ing sight. Nearby stands Giotto's majestic Campanile and the ancient Baptistery of San Giova i, decorated with a black-and-white geometric pattern on the outside. Brunelleschi's dome itself is an engineering marvel of the era, visible from virtually anywhere in the city. Climb beneath it to admire the stu ing fresco cycle "The Last Judgment." The frescoes are striking in their scale and detail. They depict Christ in glory, the Virgin Mary, and detailed scenes of the saved and condemned. The interior of the main nave has majestic but more restrained proportions than its exterior. Note the unusual details, such as the 24-hour clock (the so-called Hora Italica) by Paolo Uccello above the entrance. The nave also features monumental equestrian frescoes, including an image of the condottiere John Hawkwood, and marble tombstones. The Duomo complex is the pi acle of Florentine art and architecture. The exterior of the façade and Campanile is a triumph of color and decoration, while the interior, especially the monumental frescoes of the dome, makes one feel like a tiny speck of dust in the midst of history and art...."
Haiyan Chen
2 weeks ago
"Construction began in 1296 and was completed in 1436. Famous for its massive dome engineered by Filippo Brunelleschi, a revolutionary feat ofarchitecture. Exterior decorated with polychrome marble panels in green, pink, and white. Interior features frescoes, stained glass, and intricate artworks. Visitors can climb the dome for panoramic views of Florence..."

FAQs for Visiting Santa Maria del Fiore

Yes, but climbing the dome or bell tower requires a separate paid ticket.
Yes, but reservations are mandatory and should be made in advance.
The climb involves over 450 steps and narrow passages, so it requires moderate fitness.

Nearby Attractions to Santa Maria del Fiore

  • Baptistery of San Giovanni - Famous for its golden mosaics and the Gates of Paradise.
  • Giotto's Bell Tower - Stunning Gothic tower with panoramic city views.
  • Opera del Duomo Museum - Home to original cathedral sculptures and artworks.
  • Piazza della Repubblica - Central square with cafés and lively atmosphere.
  • Orsanmichele - Medieval church filled with beautiful sculptures.

The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Florence!

Moira & Andy
Moira & Andy

Hey! We're Moira & Andy. From hiking the Camino to trips around Europe in Bert our campervan — we've been traveling together since retirement in 2020!

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Planning Your Visit

Hours:

Generally open from 10.45am – 4.30pm

Sundays and religious holidays: closed


During Holy week –

Holy Thursday: 12:30 – 4:30pm

Good Friday: 10:30am – 4:30pm

Holy Saturday: 11am – 4:45pm

Address: Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Piazza del Duomo, Florence, Metropolitan City of Florence, Italy
Florence: 1 km
Official Website
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