The Giza necropolis, located in Egypt, is a famous historical site that comprises of the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, the Pyramid of Menkaure, and the Great Sphinx. These impressive structures were constructed during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt, between 2500 and 2600 BC. Additionally, the site houses several temples, cemeteries, and the remains of a workers’ village.

Situated at the borders of the Western Desert, the Giza necropolis is about 9 kilometers (5.6 miles) to the west of the Nile River in the city of Giza and approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) southwest of the city center of Cairo. It is the northernmost part of the 16,000-hectare (40,000-acre) Pyramid Fields of the Memphis and its Necropolis UNESCO World Heritage Site, which was inscribed in 1979. The pyramid fields also include the Abu Sir, Saqarra, and Dahshur pyramid complexes built near Egypt’s ancient capital of Memphis.

The Great Pyramid and the Pyramid of Khafre are the largest pyramids ever built in ancient Egypt, and they have long been recognized as emblems of Ancient Egypt in Western culture. They gained popularity during Hellenistic times when the Great Pyramid was included in Antipater of Sidon’s list of the Seven Wonders of the World. As the oldest of the Ancient Wonders, the Great Pyramid is also the only one that still exists.

The Pyramids of Giza appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Cairo!

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