Palais Gallien

Amphitheatre in Bordeaux

CC BY-SA 3.0 / Marc Ryckaert (MJJR)

The Palais Gallien, nestled in the heart of Bordeaux, stands as the sole visible remnant of the ancient Roman city of Burdigala. Constructed in the early 2nd century AD, this amphitheater once showcased the grandeur of Roman architecture and the city’s significance in the region. Originally measuring approximately 130 meters in length and 114 meters in width, it could accommodate between 20,000 to 25,000 spectators on wooden benches, who gathered to witness gladiatorial combats and other public spectacles.

Strategically located on the outskirts of ancient Burdigala, near the current Rue Fondaudège, the amphitheater was accessible via the city’s main thoroughfares. Its elliptical design featured multiple concentric galleries and arches, constructed using a combination of brick and limestone. Notably, the seating arrangements were predominantly wooden, supported by a framework resting on stone walls—a testament to the engineering prowess of the Romans.

Over the centuries, the Palais Gallien endured various transformations. Following the decline of the Roman Empire, it suffered damage during invasions and was repurposed in subsequent eras. By the Middle Ages, portions of the structure were dismantled for building materials. In the 17th century, it became a refuge for marginalized groups, and during the French Revolution, it was further degraded when the site was sold off in lots. Recognizing its historical value, preservation efforts began in the 19th century, leading to its classification as a historical monument in 1840.

Today, visitors can explore the remaining arches and walls of the Palais Gallien, offering a glimpse into Bordeaux’s ancient past. Situated amidst modern residences, the ruins serve as a poignant reminder of the city’s rich heritage and the enduring legacy of Roman civilization in the region.

The Palais Gallien appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Bordeaux!

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