Complete Guide to Algarve (2025)

The Algarve is famed for its rugged coastline, golden sand beaches, and year-round sunny weather, making it a prime tourist destination, especially in the summer. Tourism is the leading industry in this region. The Algarve’s stunning natural borders create a diverse geography within a short distance, spanning from the Atlantic Ocean to the Monchique and Caldeirão mountain ranges, and the Guadiana River.

As you explore, you’ll notice the landscape shifting from extensive sand banks in the East to towering cliffs in the West, resulting in a unique and picturesque scenery.

With a deep connection to the ocean, the Algarve offers the best fish and seafood cuisine. Don’t miss trying the Cataplana, seafood rice, or simply grilled sardines—you’ll be craving more after just one taste!

For those interested in history, the Algarve boasts remarkable historical sites and cities. Start with Silves, the region’s Moorish capital, featuring an 8th-century red-walled castle and Islamic-influenced architecture. Lagos and Sagres are tied to the 15th-century Portuguese Discoveries, with Lagos Old Town and Sagres Fortress being must-visit sites. Faro Old Town showcases stunning Neoclassical buildings, Roman ruins, and medieval churches adorned with gilded wood. In Portimão, visit the city museum housed in an old canned fish factory to learn about the region’s past and see artifacts from the Neolithic era to the present day.

For outdoor enthusiasts, the Algarve offers two natural parks: Costa Vicentina and Ria Formosa. Costa Vicentina features dramatic cliffs, pristine beaches, hiking trails, and birdwatching spots, ideal for surfers. Ria Formosa, with its shallow, crystal-clear waters, sandbanks, marshes, and saltpans, is home to diverse aquatic birds and marine wildlife.

To explore the countryside, visit Monchique, the highest village in the Algarve. The dense forests hide stunning waterfalls and hiking trails, and the view from the top is breathtaking.

For authentic village experiences, don’t miss Loulé, Salir, Alte, Querença, and Castro Marim.

Cities of Algarve

History of Algarve

Prehistoric Times in the Algarve

The history of the Algarve dates back to prehistoric times, with evidence of early human settlement from the Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods. Archaeological discoveries, such as cave paintings, stone tools, and burial sites, suggest that early human communities utilized the region’s fertile land, river valleys, and coastal areas for hunting, fishing, and gathering. During the Neolithic period, the first agricultural settlements emerged, with the construction of megalithic monuments, such as dolmens, that still stand in some parts of the Algarve.

The Algarve in the Roman Period

In the Roman period, the Algarve was part of the Roman province of Lusitania. The Romans established several important settlements in the region, including the cities of Faro (known as Faro under Roman rule) and Tavira. Roman influence brought significant development to the Algarve, including the construction of roads, aqueducts, and public buildings. The Romans also introduced viticulture and advanced agricultural practices to the region, which helped to shape the economy. Lagos, another key town, was an important port during Roman times, contributing to trade and commerce in the Mediterranean.

The Algarve under Moorish Rule

In the 8th century, the Algarve was conquered by the Moors, who introduced significant cultural and technological advancements to the region. The Moors established the Algarve as part of their rule over much of the Iberian Peninsula. Under their control, the region flourished economically and culturally, with the introduction of irrigation techniques that transformed agriculture, particularly in the fertile plains of the Algarve. The Moors also built fortresses, such as Silves Castle, and established Faro as a key administrative center. Moorish rule left a lasting architectural and cultural legacy, especially in the form of narrow streets, intricate tilework, and sophisticated water management systems.

The Algarve in the Christian Reconquista

During the Christian Reconquista in the 12th century, the Algarve was gradually retaken by Christian forces. The Kingdom of Portugal, under Afonso I (King Afonso Henriques), succeeded in reclaiming the region in 1249. The victory marked the end of Muslim rule in the Algarve, and the region became part of the newly established Portuguese state. The Algarve’s strategic coastal position continued to be of significant military importance, and several castles and fortresses were built or reinforced during this time to defend against piracy and further invasions. This period also saw the rise of trade and agriculture in the region.

The Algarve in the Age of Exploration

The 15th and 16th centuries were a golden age for the Algarve, as it played a significant role in Portugal’s Age of Exploration. Lagos, in particular, became a key port for Portuguese explorers like Henry the Navigator, who established the Prince Henry the Navigator School of Navigation in the town. The Algarve’s ports served as a starting point for many of Portugal’s maritime expeditions, including the exploration of Africa, India, and Brazil. During this period, the region prospered through maritime trade, as well as the export of cork, wine, and agricultural goods.

The Algarve in the 19th Century

The 19th century brought political and social changes to the Algarve. The Portuguese Civil War and the Liberal Revolution had an impact on the region, though it remained predominantly rural. The Algarve was somewhat isolated from the industrialization that affected the rest of Portugal, with many of its rural inhabitants engaged in agriculture and fishing. The region’s coastal towns, like Portimão and Albufeira, began to develop a modest tourism industry, as visitors from inland Portugal began to travel to the Algarve for its sunny climate and beautiful beaches.

The Algarve in the 20th Century

The 20th century saw significant changes in the Algarve, particularly with the rise of mass tourism. After the Carnation Revolution of 1974, which overthrew the dictatorship and established democracy in Portugal, the Algarve underwent rapid modernization. The region’s coastal towns, such as Albufeira, Lagos, and Portimão, transformed into popular tourist destinations, attracting visitors from all over Europe. The growth of hotels, resorts, and golf courses helped to reshape the Algarve’s economy, making tourism one of the key drivers of growth. The Algarve also experienced improved infrastructure, with better roads, airports, and public services catering to the growing number of tourists.

Contemporary Algarve

Today, the Algarve is one of the most popular tourist regions in Portugal, known for its stunning beaches, charming towns, and vibrant cultural heritage. The region combines its rich history with modern development, offering a mix of traditional Portuguese culture and contemporary amenities. The Algarve’s economy is now largely driven by tourism, but agriculture, particularly cork production, remains important. The region is also a hub for outdoor activities, including hiking, golfing, and water sports, making it a year-round destination for visitors. Its historic sites, like the Silves Castle, Faro Old Town, and Lagos Fort, continue to attract tourists interested in the region’s rich cultural and historical legacy.

Best Time to Visit Algarve

Visiting Algarve in Spring

Spring (March to May) in Algarve offers mild and pleasant weather, with daytime temperatures ranging from 16°C to 20°C in March and warming to 18°C to 22°C by May. Nights are cooler, with temperatures between 10°C and 14°C in March and 12°C to 16°C by May. Spring is perfect for outdoor activities like hiking, sightseeing, and exploring the region’s charming towns and beaches, as the region’s landscape begins to bloom with vibrant colors.

Visiting Algarve in Summer

Summer (June to August) in Algarve is hot, with daytime temperatures ranging from 28°C to 35°C, especially in inland areas such as Faro and Albufeira. Nights are warmer, with temperatures between 18°C and 24°C. Coastal towns like Lagos and Portimão enjoy a slightly cooler breeze, with temperatures around 24°C to 30°C. Summer is ideal for beach lovers and those looking to enjoy outdoor festivals and the vibrant coastal atmosphere, but visitors should be prepared for high temperatures, especially in inland areas.

Visiting Algarve in Autumn

Autumn (September to November) in Algarve brings mild and comfortable temperatures, ranging from 22°C to 26°C in September, cooling to 14°C to 18°C by November. Nights become cooler, with temperatures between 10°C and 14°C by November. Autumn is a fantastic time to visit for those who prefer moderate temperatures, as the summer crowds subside. The region’s vineyards also begin the harvest season, providing a great opportunity to experience wine-related activities.

Visiting Algarve in Winter

Winter (December to February) in Algarve is mild compared to most of Europe, with daytime temperatures ranging from 15°C to 18°C. Nights can be cooler, with temperatures between 8°C and 12°C. While it’s the region’s quietest season, winter is a great time for those who prefer fewer tourists and a peaceful atmosphere, ideal for exploring historical sites and enjoying the region’s natural beauty. The weather remains comfortable enough to visit the coast and explore towns like Tavira and Silves.

Annual Weather Overview

January 16°C
February 17°C
March 19°C
April 24°C
May 24°C
June 27°C
July 31°C
August 30°C
September 26°C
October 24°C
November 19°C
December 16°C

How to get to Algarve

Getting to Algarve by Air

The main airport serving the Algarve region is Faro Airport (FAO), located about 7 km from the city center of Faro, which is the largest city in the region. Faro Airport is well-connected to many European cities and handles both international and domestic flights. It is the most convenient airport for travelers heading to the Algarve, with direct flights from major European cities. From Faro, you can easily access other towns in the Algarve, such as Albufeira, Portimão, Lagos, and Tavira by car or public transport.

Getting to Algarve by Train

The Algarve region is well-served by the Comboios de Portugal (CP) railway network, which connects major towns like Faro, Albufeira, Portimão, and Lagos. The Faro railway station is the main hub for train travel in the region, offering regular services to other towns in the Algarve and beyond. Trains are a convenient way to travel between towns in the region, with scenic routes along the coast and through the countryside.

Getting to Algarve by Bus

Bus services are a popular and affordable way to travel within the Algarve. The Faro Bus Station is the main departure point for buses traveling to towns like Albufeira, Portimão, Tavira, and Lagos. Rede Expressos and other regional bus companies offer frequent connections to and from Lisbon, Porto, and other Portuguese cities. Buses are an excellent option for traveling between towns in the Algarve, especially if you’re on a budget.

Getting Around Algarve by Car

Renting a car is one of the best ways to explore the Algarve at your own pace. The region is well-connected by a network of highways, with the A22 (Via do Infante) being the main motorway that runs across the Algarve, connecting Faro, Albufeira, Lagos, and Tavira. Renting a car allows you to visit smaller, more remote towns like Cacela Velha and Monchique or to explore the stunning coastline at your leisure. Driving is easy and convenient, and the Algarve’s well-maintained roads make it an ideal region for a road trip.

Getting Around Algarve by Public Transport

Public transport within the Algarve is efficient, with buses and trains providing access to most towns and cities. Faro, Albufeira, Portimão, and Lagos are the main transport hubs, offering regular connections to surrounding areas. The bus services, especially the Rede Expressos network, connect towns along the coast and inland, while the train network runs through the southern towns and is a scenic way to travel. While public transport is reliable, renting a car gives more flexibility to visit smaller towns or remote beach areas that may not be easily accessible by public transport.

Festivals in Algarve

Festa de Nossa Senhora da Piedade
When: September
Where: Cova da Iria
A religious festival honoring Our Lady of Piety, with processions, music, and cultural activities in the peaceful town of Cova da Iria.

Festa de São João
When: June
Where: Albufeira
A lively celebration in Albufeira with street parties, traditional music, dancing, and the famous bonfire rituals in honor of St. John.

Festival Internacional de Música de Sines
When: July
Where: Sines
An international music festival held in Sines, bringing together artists from all over the world, celebrating different musical genres and cultures.

Festa da Nossa Senhora da Agonia
When: August
Where: Nazaré
A traditional maritime festival with a procession, folk music, and colorful celebrations in the coastal town of Nazaré.

Feira de São Mateus
When: August
Where: Elvas
A historic fair in Elvas, featuring livestock markets, agricultural exhibitions, and a vibrant cultural program with music, food, and dancing.

Festival de Fado de Lisboa
When: July
Where: Lisbon (but often includes Algarve towns)
A celebration of Fado music, where performances by local and international artists bring the soulful sounds of traditional Portuguese music to the Algarve.

Festa da Nossa Senhora da Boa Viagem
When: August
Where: Nazaré
A religious celebration focused on the patroness of fishermen, with maritime processions, music, and traditional Portuguese festivities in Nazaré.

Festa de Nossa Senhora da Luz
When: September
Where: Tavira
A religious and cultural festival held in Tavira, featuring processions, local music, and dances in honor of Our Lady of Light.

Festa da Praia de Monte Gordo
When: July
Where: Monte Gordo
A popular beach festival in Monte Gordo, with music, sports competitions, and beach-themed entertainment, celebrating the Algarve’s coastal culture.

Festival de Artes de Rua
When: June
Where: Faro
A festival celebrating street arts in Faro, where performances range from theater and dance to circus acts, transforming the town into a vibrant hub for artistic expression.