Temple of Literature, Hanoi

Religious Building in Hanoi

CC BY-SA 2.0 / thalling55

The Temple of Literature, founded in 1070 by Emperor Lý Thánh Tông, is one of Hanoi's most iconic historical landmarks and a peaceful sanctuary honouring Confucius and the nation's scholarly traditions. Located just south of the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long, it stands as Vietnam's first university and one of the must-see places in Hanoi for visitors interested in culture, history, and traditional Vietnamese architecture.

For nearly 700 years, the temple served as the Imperial Academy, educating princes, nobles, and elite scholars who would become mandarins guiding the dynasties of Vietnam. Today, its ancient courtyards, quiet ponds, and stone stelae make it a highlight of any walking tour of Hanoi’s Ba Dinh District, inviting visitors to step into a world shaped by learning and Confucian values.

History and Significance of the Temple of Literature
Things to See and Do in the Temple of Literature
How to Get to the Temple of Literature
Practical Tips on Visiting the Temple of Literature
Where to Stay close to the Temple of Literature
Is the Temple of Literature Worth Visiting?
FAQs for Visiting the Temple of Literature
Nearby Attractions to the Temple of Literature

History and Significance of the Temple of Literature

The Temple of Literature was established in 1070 as a sacred place dedicated to Confucius, his disciples, and celebrated scholars. Just six years later, in 1076, Emperor Lý Nhân Tông expanded the site to include the Imperial Academy, an institution designed to train the empire's brightest minds. Over centuries, the academy became the pinnacle of Vietnamese education, producing generations of scholars who played vital roles in governance.

Despite wars and natural disasters, the temple remains remarkably well preserved, maintaining its status as one of Vietnam’s most treasured heritage sites. In 1484, Emperor Lê Thánh Tông commissioned the creation of the Doctoral Stelae, stone tablets mounted on the backs of stone turtles, each inscribed with the names and achievements of scholars who passed the royal examinations. These stelae are now recognised by UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme.

Today, the Temple of Literature continues to embody the values of wisdom, integrity, and academic excellence.

Things to See and Do in the Temple of Literature

The Temple of Literature spans more than 54,000 square meters and comprises five beautifully arranged courtyards, each with its own symbolic meaning.

The First Courtyard - Đại Trung Môn
Visitors enter through the Great Middle Gate, leaving behind the noise of Hanoi. The side gates-Virtue and Talent-reflect Confucian ideals. A fish motif above the gate symbolises a student's transformation through hard work.

The Second Courtyard - Khuê Văn Các
The Pavilion of Constellation of Literature is one of Hanoi’s symbols, even appearing on the 100,000 VND banknote. Built in 1805, it represents the brightest star guiding students. Inside hangs a bronze bell that sounds only on special occasions.

The Third Courtyard - Well of Heavenly Clarity
This square well symbolises harmony between heaven and earth. Nearby stand the famous stone turtles carrying the Doctoral Stelae, honouring scholars and preserving historical information dating back centuries.

The Fourth Courtyard - Đại Thành
This area contains the House of Ceremonies and the sanctuary dedicated to Confucius. Red lacquered columns, ancient wooden beams, and traditional lanterns create an elegant, reverent atmosphere centred around the main altar and offerings representing the five elements.

The Fifth Courtyard - Imperial Academy
Reconstructed based on historical designs, this courtyard honours Chu Văn An-Vietnam’s most revered teacher-and the three kings who shaped the temple’s educational legacy: Lý Thánh Tông, Lý Nhân Tông, and Lê Thánh Tông.

How to Get to the Temple of Literature

The Temple of Literature is centrally located on Quốc Tử Giám Street. Travellers flying into Hanoi will arrive at Nội Bài International Airport, around 30 kilometres away. For the best deals and a seamless booking experience, check out these flights to Hanoi on Booking.com.
Visitors arriving by train can reach the temple easily from Hanoi Railway Station by a short taxi or bus ride. Train schedules and bookings can be found on Omio.
Travelling by car is straightforward, though traffic can be heavy during peak hours; nearby drop-off points and parking areas are available.

Practical Tips on Visiting the Temple of Literature

Suggested tips: Arrive early to enjoy peaceful courtyards before tour groups arrive.
Best time to visit: Morning or late afternoon for softer light and cooler temperatures.
Entrance fee: Adults: 30,000 VND (~US$ 1.3)
Opening hours: In summer ( From April to October) : 07:30-17:30
In winter (From October to April) : 08:00-17:00
Official website: https://templeofliterature.com/
How long to spend: 60-90 minutes exploring the courtyards and stelae.
Accessibility: Mostly accessible, though some steps and uneven ground exist.
Facilities: Rest areas, small shops, and information displays.
Photography tip: Capture the reflection of the Pavilion of Constellation in the Well of Heavenly Clarity.
Guided tours: Local guides offer excellent historical context.
Nearby food options: Numerous cafés and restaurants on Quốc Tử Giám and nearby streets.

Where to Stay close to the Temple of Literature

Accommodation options nearby range from boutique hotels to luxury stays. For refined comfort, consider Sofitel Legend Metropole Hanoi. A central and stylish option is Movenpick Hotel Hanoi. Travellers seeking proximity to historical sites may enjoy Hanoi La Siesta Classic Hang Thung.

Is the Temple of Literature Worth Visiting?

Yes, the Temple of Literature is one of Hanoi's most rewarding cultural sites. Its tranquil courtyards, ancient stelae, and connection to Vietnam's scholarly traditions make it a meaningful stop for history lovers and casual travellers alike. It offers a rare window into Vietnam's educational and spiritual heritage.

What Other Travellers Say...

Reviews Summary

4.6 (21,152)

Temple Of Literature at 58 Quốc Tử Giám in Hà Nội is a Confucian temple with landscaped courtyards, multiple altars and shrines and an imposing front gate; visitors praise its peaceful, well‑designed complex of courtyards, ponds, old gates and shaded gardens and note attractions like the pavilion, souvenir stalls and traditional architecture, though some find the site busy with photography sessions, while others recommend a guide to deepen understanding and mention occasional calming ceremonies and incense rituals.

Noah Murray

in the last week

"Temple is pretty but it’s just taken over by kids everywhere taking photos, often with a photographer and lighting setup. Seems like everywhere youturn you just feel like you are in the way of someone’s photo. Everyone was polite and didn’t get mad about that, but still takes away from how nice the temple actually is and how nice it would be to just stroll through the large area and feel relaxed. I don’t regret going but wouldn’t go back and would consider other options if you are ru ing out of time..."

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Anujith Vijayakumar

a month ago

"The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu – Quốc Tử Giám) is an absolute must-see in Hanoi, offering a beautiful and tranquil escape from the city's hustle.This isn't just a temple; it is the site of Vietnam's first national university, founded in 1070, and it wonderfully captures the nation's profound and enduring respect for education.nWalking through the five courtyards, you are treated to stu ing, well-preserved traditional Vietnamese architecture, especially the iconic Khue Van Cac (Constellation of Literature Pavilion), which is so significant it's the symbol of Hanoi! The shaded green gardens and the central Well of Heavenly Clarity provide a genuinely peaceful atmosphere. Be sure to see the 82 ancient Doctoral Stelae, set upon stone turtles, which honor the successful graduates of royal exams—a moving testament to centuries of scholarship.nIt is a rich, calming, and deeply meaningful historical site that beautifully tells the story of Vietnam's cultural heritage...."

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G Whizz

3 weeks ago

"We visited the Temple of Literature in Hanoi and had a very pleasant time. The whole complex is peaceful and beautifully designed, with courtyards,ponds, old gates and shaded gardens. We walked around slowly, taking photos and enjoying the calm atmosphere. Even though it’s an important historic site, it feels quiet and relaxing. A lovely place to escape the city noise and appreciate some traditional architecture and history...."

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FAQs for Visiting the Temple of Literature

It can be busy, especially on weekends and during student graduation seasons.

Modest clothing is recommended, especially near worship areas.

Yes, guides are available at the entrance and enhance the experience greatly.

Nearby Attractions to the Temple of Literature

Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long: Vietnam’s former political centre.
Quán Sứ Pagoda: Headquarters of the Buddhist Sangha of Vietnam.
Hoa Lo Prison Museum: A major historical landmark.
Vietnam Fine Arts Museum: Located just steps away.
Lenin Park: A peaceful green space nearby.

The Temple of Literature appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Hanoi!

Moira & Andy

Hey! We're Moira & Andy. From hiking the Camino to trips around Europe in Bert our campervan — we've been traveling together since retirement in 2020!

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