Aveiro: The Complete Guide

Aveiro is a picturesque town characterized by a network of numerous canals that are spanned by low-arched bridges. It is situated at the mouth of the Vouga River and separated from the sea by a long sandbar, which protects clusters of islets. The architecture in Aveiro is reminiscent of Flemish style, which contrasts beautifully with the natural surroundings of low-lying willow-reed flatlands, salt marshes, misty dunes, and rice paddies.

The lagoon is a hub of activity, where brightly painted swan-necked boats, called “barcos moliceiros,” traverse the waters. These flat-bottomed vessels carry fishers who harvest seaweed used for fertilizer. They are on the lookout for eels, a regional specialty. Beyond the town, visitors can find extensive salt pits, with fog-white pyramids of drying salt lining the landscape. The entire setting is a feast for the senses, with vibrant colors, unique landscapes, and a rich local culture and history.

History of Aveiro

Aveiro, a city located in the central region of Portugal, has a rich and multifaceted history that spans several centuries, marked by periods of prosperity and decline. Here’s an overview of its historical development:

Early History

Aveiro’s history dates back to the Roman period, evidenced by Roman artifacts found in the area. Initially, it was a small fishing community benefiting from its proximity to a large coastal lagoon, the Ria de Aveiro.

Medieval Period

During the Middle Ages, Aveiro grew in importance due to its salt pans and fishing industry. The town received a charter in 1515 from King D. Manuel I, which officially recognized it as a city and allowed it more autonomy in managing its affairs. The city also became an important port, with its economy centered around maritime trade, salt production, and shipbuilding.

16th to 18th Century

The 16th century was a period of expansion and wealth, driven by the salt industry and the growing importance of its port for international trade, especially with Brazil and other Portuguese colonies. The construction of various religious buildings, like the Convento de Jesus, during this period reflects Aveiro’s prosperity.

However, the city faced significant setbacks in the 17th and 18th centuries due to sediment build-up in the lagoon, which hindered naval access and led to economic decline. Efforts were made to clear the channels, but these were only partially successful.

19th Century Industrialization

The 19th century brought industrialization and modernization, including the development of railways. Aveiro’s connection to the national railway network in 1864 marked a turning point, revitalizing the city’s economy and restoring its status as a vital commercial and industrial hub. This period saw growth in the urban fabric of the city, with expansion beyond the old city walls.

20th Century to Present

The 20th century continued to see growth and modernization in Aveiro, including significant urban development. The University of Aveiro, established in 1973, has been pivotal in transforming the city into a vibrant academic and technological center. Today, Aveiro is known for its unique historical architecture blended with modern influences, its continuing salt production, and its tourism, especially involving the moliceiros (traditional boats) in the canals.

Aveiro’s history of maritime trade, salt production, and industrial growth has given it a unique cultural heritage, making it one of Portugal’s most interesting and attractive cities to visit. The city continues to embrace both its historical roots and its modern developments, offering a rich tapestry of experiences for residents and visitors alike.

Visiting Aveiro for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Aveiro on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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This complete guide to Aveiro not only tells you about the very best sights and tourist attractions for first-time visitors to the city but also provide insights into a few of our personal favorite things to do.

This is a practical guide to visiting the best places to see in Aveiro and is filled with tips and info that should answer all your questions!

Convento de Jesus em Aveiro

The convent’s current facade, which boasts three doorways with stunning frontons, bearing the royal coat of arms on the central one, dates back to the 18th century. The building has retained several former convent areas, including the atrium that serves as the entrance hall, the 15th century cloister adorned with a collection of Renaissance columns, […]

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Location: Aveiro Museum, Avenida Santa Joana, Aveiro, Portugal | Hours: 10am-12.30pm & 1.30-6pm Tue-Sun | Price: adult/child €5/free | Distance: 0.30km

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Visiting Convento de Jesus em Aveiro