Gozo’s Citadel (Ċittadella)

Castle in Victoria (Rabat), Gozo

Aerial Footage Of Citadella Sitiuated In Gozo
CC BY-SA 4.0 / StefanM76

Rising above Victoria (Rabat), the Citadel (Ċittadella) is Gozo's crown jewel — a majestic fortress that has watched over the island for centuries. Visible from almost anywhere on Gozo, its golden limestone walls blend history, architecture, and panoramic beauty in one unforgettable landmark. Once a Bronze Age settlement and later fortified by the Knights of St. John, the Citadel today stands as one of Malta's most important heritage sites and a must-see destination.

Inside its ancient walls, narrow lanes wind between Baroque buildings, museums, and bastions that tell stories of the island's turbulent past. Highlights include the Cathedral of the Assumption, the Old Prison, and the Gozo Museum of Archaeology — each revealing a different side of Gozo's rich history. Yet, despite its age, the Citadel retains a calm and timeless atmosphere, offering shaded courtyards and breathtaking views of the island below.

A walk along the ramparts is one of the best experiences in Gozo. The panoramic 360° views stretch across the island's rolling countryside, villages, and coastline — especially magical at sunset when the stone glows golden in the fading light.

Easily reached from anywhere on Gozo, the Citadel sits just above Independence Square, the lively heart of Victoria. Whether you're here for the museums, the views, or simply to wander its historic streets, the Citadel captures the very spirit of Gozo — peaceful, proud, and enduring.

Brief History of the Citadel

The history of Gozo's Citadel stretches back to Neolithic times. Archaeological evidence suggests the hill was inhabited since the Bronze Age, serving as a natural refuge and vantage point over the island. During the Roman era, a temple dedicated to the goddess Juno stood atop the hill — the first known structure on the site.

In the Middle Ages, this Roman acropolis was transformed into a medieval castle, built to protect Gozitans from the constant threat of corsair and pirate raids. For centuries, the fortress served as both a home and a shield. In fact, until 1637, every resident of Gozo was legally required to spend the night within the Citadel's walls for safety. Despite these defences, the fortress fell in 1551, when the Ottoman Turks invaded, capturing and enslaving the island's entire population. A tragic legend from this attack tells of Bernardo De Opuo, who killed his wife and son to save them from enslavement.

After these devastating events, the Knights of St. John rebuilt and strengthened the Citadel's fortifications, particularly after the Great Siege of Malta in 1565 and further corsair raids. The northern walls date from the medieval period, while the southern bastions were reconstructed under the Knights' direction, giving the fortress much of its present form.

During the French occupation (1798–1800), Napoleon's troops seized control of the Citadel, but their presence was short-lived. Following the French surrender, the British handed control of the Citadel back to the Gozitans, marking the start of a new era in the island's history.

What to See Inside the Citadel

Once you step through the gates of the Gozo Citadel, you'll find yourself in a world where history comes alive at every turn. The site may appear compact, but within its walls lies a treasure trove of heritage buildings, museums, and viewpoints — each offering a glimpse into a different era of the island's story. Here are the top attractions not to miss:

Gozo Cathedral (Cathedral of the Assumption)

At the very heart of the Citadel stands the Cathedral of the Assumption, Gozo's principal church and one of the island's finest Baroque landmarks. Built between 1697 and 1711, it features a stunning illusionistic dome painted on its ceiling — a masterpiece of trompe-l'œil art that creates the impression of a towering dome where none exists. The cathedral's warm limestone interior, gilded altars, and impressive artworks make it a place of both beauty and reverence.

Gozo Cathedral Museum

Next to the cathedral lies the Cathedral Museum, home to an extraordinary collection of sacred art, religious vestments, silverware, and historical documents. The exhibits trace Gozo's deep spiritual heritage across the centuries, from early Christianity to modern times. The museum's terrace also offers lovely views across Victoria and the island's countryside, adding a scenic touch to your visit.

Gozo Museum of Archaeology

Located in Casa Bondi, this museum takes you on a journey through Gozo's ancient past. Exhibits include Neolithic tools, pottery, and sculptures from the Ġgantija Temples, as well as artifacts from the Phoenician, Roman, and Byzantine periods. It's the best place to understand the origins of Gozo's civilization and how the island's people lived long before the Citadel's walls were built.

Old Prison

For a look at a very different side of history, visit the Old Prison, situated opposite the Law Courts. Used from the mid-16th to the early 20th century, this atmospheric site still bears the marks of its former inmates — graffiti etched into the limestone walls, including crosses, ships, and even names. The cells and corridors tell a fascinating story of Malta's justice system under the Knights of St. John.

Gran Castello Historic House

This restored cluster of traditional Gozitan homes showcases the island's rural life from the 18th to the 20th century. The Gran Castello Historic House is filled with period furnishings, tools, and artifacts that reveal how locals once lived, cooked, and worked. Walking through its rooms feels like stepping into a living time capsule of Gozo's domestic history.

Gozo Nature Museum

Housed in a historic 17th-century building, the Gozo Nature Museum highlights the island's rich natural heritage — from geology and marine life to flora, fauna, and fossils. It's a small but fascinating stop, perfect for visitors curious about Gozo's environment and biodiversity.

Citadel Ramparts and Viewpoints

No visit is complete without walking the Citadel's fortified walls. The ramparts offer 360° panoramic views over Gozo's rolling hills, valleys, and distant villages. You can spot the island's patchwork of farmland, churches, and even the coastline on clear days. Sunset is especially magical, as the limestone glows golden and the island seems to shimmer in the fading light.

How to Get to Gozo's Citadel

The Gozo Citadel is located in the heart of Victoria, making it easily accessible from anywhere on the island.

  • By Bus: The Citadel is just a 10-minute walk from the main bus terminus in Victoria. Almost every bus route on Gozo connects here, so it's simple to reach whether you're staying near the ferry terminal at Mġarr or elsewhere on the island.
  • By Car: Driving to the Citadel is straightforward — all roads in Gozo lead to Victoria. There's a car park on an unpaved road near the entrance, just a short walk away. Note that vehicles are not allowed inside the Citadel itself.
  • By Tour: Many day tours and Tuk Tuk tours of Gozo include a stop at the Citadel, making it easy to visit without worrying about transport.

Tips for Visiting the Citadel

  • Parking: You'll find parking close to the entrance, but remember that the Citadel is car-free once inside.
  • Tickets: The Heritage Malta combined ticket (€5 adult / €2.50 concession) grants access to all the Citadel's attractions — including the Visitors' Centre, Gozo Museum of Archaeology, Gran Castello Historic House, Gozo Nature Museum, and the Old Prison.
  • Food & Drink: There are a few spots inside the Citadel, such as Ta' Rikardu (famous for local cheese) and Café San Martino. For more variety, grab a meal or coffee at Independence Square or St. George's Square nearby before entering.
  • Best Time to Visit: Most tourists explore the Citadel during the day, but consider returning at night — the peaceful atmosphere, soft lighting, and panoramic views make for a magical experience.
  • Accessibility: The Citadel is accessible to visitors with limited mobility, with several lifts installed. However, some uneven areas may require assistance.
  • Dress Code: When entering places of worship like the Cathedral, wear appropriate attire — no sleeveless tops or short skirts. Bring a light scarf or wrap to cover shoulders or legs if needed.
  • Stay Hydrated: In summer, temperatures can rise quickly within the stone walls, so bring a bottle of water.

The Gozo’s Citadel (Ċittadella) appears in our Complete Guide to Visiting Victoria (Rabat), Gozo!

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Visiting Gozo’s Citadel (Ċittadella)

Address: Cittadella, Citadel, Triq Bieb l-Imdina, Victoria, Malta

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