Complete Guide to South Wales (2025)

South Wales

South Wales is a region of striking contrasts, where industrial heritage, natural beauty, and urban vitality converge. It encompasses bustling cities like Cardiff, Newport, and Swansea, alongside picturesque valleys, coastal stretches, and the rugged Brecon Beacons. The area is known for its warm and welcoming communities, whose culture is deeply rooted in Welsh identity, music, and language. Visitors are often struck by the rich tapestry of modern life and tradition that characterises the region.

The coastline of South Wales offers a string of attractive destinations, from the sweeping sands of Rhossili Bay and the Gower Peninsula to historic ports like Tenby and Penarth. Inland, the region's valleys and hills tell stories of coal mining and resilience, while today they offer green trails, mountain biking, and hiking opportunities. The Brecon Beacons National Park stands out as a playground for outdoor enthusiasts, with waterfalls, caves, and scenic vistas at every turn.

South Wales also thrives culturally. Cardiff leads with its museums, galleries, stadium events, and performing arts, while Swansea and Newport each have their own distinct character and creative energy. Market towns, castles, and chapels are scattered throughout the region, adding depth to the visitor experience. Whether you're exploring heritage railways, enjoying a pint in a rural pub, or attending a rugby match, South Wales delivers a memorable mix of activity, scenery, and culture.

Region map of South Wales

Cities of South Wales

Cardiff

Cardiff Castle

Visiting Cardiff offers a vibrant blend of cultural attractions, modern entertainment, and beautiful waterfront scenery in the South Wales region. The city is known for its lively atmosphere, with plenty of museums, galleries, and theaters to explore, making it an excellent destination for arts and culture lovers. Strolling around the rejuvenated Cardiff Bay area provides a scenic experience with numerous cafes, restaurants, and shops lining the water.

Cardiff’s compact city centre makes it easy to explore on foot, allowing visitors to enjoy the mix of historic and contemporary architecture. The city is also a great spot for sports fans, with iconic venues like the Principality Stadium hosting major rugby and football events. For those who enjoy outdoor spaces, Cardiff boasts several parks and green areas that offer relaxing escapes right within the urban setting.

The city also caters well to food lovers, offering a diverse range of dining options from casual eateries to high-end restaurants celebrating Welsh produce. Whether you’re interested in shopping, nightlife, or family-friendly attractions, Cardiff provides a welcoming and dynamic environment in the South Wales region that suits all types of visitors.

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Swansea

Lighthouse Mumbles Swansea

Visiting Swansea, located in the South Wales region, offers a wonderful mix of coastal beauty and vibrant city life. The city is well known for its stunning waterfront, including the beautiful Swansea Bay where visitors can enjoy long sandy beaches and scenic walks along the promenade. Swansea provides an ideal base for exploring nearby natural attractions like the Gower Peninsula, famous for its dramatic cliffs and secluded coves.

Swansea city centre has a lively atmosphere with plenty of shops, cafes, and cultural venues to explore. The Marina area is a popular spot for dining and nightlife, offering a range of restaurants and bars overlooking the water. For those interested in arts and culture, Swansea offers galleries, theaters, and museums showcasing local talent and history.

Outdoor enthusiasts will appreciate Swansea’s access to parks and green spaces, as well as nearby hiking trails that reveal the natural beauty of South Wales. Whether you’re looking to relax by the sea, enjoy urban amenities, or explore the surrounding countryside, Swansea combines the best of both worlds in the South Wales region.

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Newport

Newport Transporter Bridge
CC BY-SA 4.0 / Tiia Monto

Visiting Newport offers a chance to explore a vibrant city nestled in the South Wales region. Known for its mix of modern developments and green spaces, Newport provides visitors with a range of attractions and activities to enjoy. The city’s waterfront along the River Usk is a popular spot for leisurely walks, offering views of historic bridges and lively cafes. Newport’s convenient location makes it a great base for exploring the surrounding countryside and coastal areas.

The city centre is lively and full of shops, restaurants, and cultural venues. Visitors can find everything from local markets to contemporary art galleries, giving a taste of the area’s creative spirit. Newport also hosts various events throughout the year, making it a dynamic place to visit no matter the season. Whether you’re looking to relax in a park or enjoy some local entertainment, Newport offers a welcoming atmosphere for all types of travellers.

For those who enjoy outdoor activities, Newport boasts several parks and nature reserves nearby, perfect for hiking or cycling. The nearby Newport Wetlands Reserve is a peaceful retreat where visitors can spot wildlife and enjoy scenic views. With its combination of urban charm and access to nature, Newport is an appealing destination within South Wales that offers something for everyone.

View our Newport Guide

St Davids

St Davids Cathedral
CC BY-SA 30 / JKMMX

Visiting St Davids offers a unique experience in the scenic Pembrokeshire area, known for its stunning coastal landscapes and charming small-town atmosphere. Despite being one of the smallest cities in the UK, St Davids has a welcoming vibe with quaint streets full of independent shops, cafes, and galleries. The compact size makes it easy to explore on foot while soaking up the natural beauty and peaceful surroundings.

The city is an excellent base for discovering Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, with numerous walking trails nearby that showcase breathtaking cliffs, hidden coves, and sandy beaches. Outdoor enthusiasts can enjoy hiking, cycling, and wildlife watching, making St Davids a great choice for those who want to combine cultural experiences with nature. The coastal scenery around the city is particularly popular during the warmer months when the weather is ideal for exploring.

In and around St Davids, visitors will find a good range of accommodations, from cozy B\&Bs to boutique hotels, many offering spectacular views of the countryside or sea. The area also hosts local markets and seasonal events that bring the community together, providing a glimpse into Welsh culture and traditions. Overall, St Davids is a peaceful yet vibrant destination within the Pembrokeshire region, perfect for a relaxing getaway.

View our St Davids Guide

Chepstow

Chepstow Castle
CC BY-SA 2.0 / Steve Slater

Chepstow, located in Monmouthshire, is a charming town that serves as the gateway to Wales. Nestled along the banks of the River Wye, it offers breathtaking scenery and a mix of historic and modern attractions. Visitors can explore its bustling high street, filled with independent shops, cafés, and traditional pubs. The town’s award-winning redevelopment has enhanced its pedestrian areas, making it a pleasant place to stroll and soak in the atmosphere. Whether you’re looking for a relaxing riverside walk or a lively shopping experience, Chepstow provides a perfect blend of both.

Outdoor enthusiasts will find plenty to enjoy in Chepstow, as it sits at the southern end of the Wye Valley, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town is a hub for walkers, with several long-distance trails starting here, including the Wye Valley Walk, Offa’s Dyke National Trail, and the Wales Coast Path. These routes offer stunning views, winding through forests, hills, and picturesque villages. For those who prefer a more leisurely pace, the Chepstow Racecourse hosts exciting events throughout the year, including the Coral Welsh Grand National, making it a great spot for a day out.

Chepstow also boasts a vibrant cultural scene, with annual events such as the Castell Roc Music Festival bringing live performances to its historic surroundings. The town’s Walkers Are Welcome accreditation highlights its commitment to outdoor tourism, ensuring well-maintained paths and welcoming facilities for visitors. Whether you’re exploring its scenic landscapes, enjoying a festival, or simply relaxing by the river, Chepstow offers a memorable experience for all types of travelers.

View our Chepstow Guide

Carmarthen

Carmarthen Castle
CC BY-SA 4.0 / Peter Broster

Carmarthen, located in Carmarthenshire, is a vibrant market town that blends rich heritage with modern attractions. Nestled along the River Tywi, it offers a mix of scenic beauty, shopping, and cultural experiences. Visitors can explore the independent shops and cafés in the town center, where local produce and artisan goods create a lively atmosphere. The indoor market, open six days a week, is a great place to sample Welsh delicacies, handmade crafts, and fresh produce. Whether strolling through the historic streets or enjoying a riverside walk, Carmarthen provides a welcoming and relaxed environment.

Outdoor enthusiasts will find plenty to do in and around Carmarthen, with easy access to Brechfa Forest, a popular spot for hiking and mountain biking. The nearby National Botanic Garden of Wales offers stunning landscapes, glasshouses, and interactive exhibits, making it a must-visit for nature lovers. For those interested in wildlife, the British Bird of Prey Centre provides up-close encounters with eagles, owls, and falcons. The town’s location makes it an ideal base for exploring the Carmarthenshire countryside, with rolling hills, coastal paths, and historic landmarks all within reach.

Carmarthen also boasts a lively arts and entertainment scene, with theatres, galleries, and live music venues hosting events throughout the year. The Oriel Myrddin Gallery showcases contemporary Welsh art, while the Lyric Theatre offers performances ranging from drama to comedy. Seasonal festivals, including food and music events, bring the community together, adding to the town’s charm. Whether you’re looking for cultural experiences, outdoor adventures, or a relaxing getaway, Carmarthen offers something for every visitor.

View our Carmarthen Guide

Tenby

Tenby

Tenby, located in Pembrokeshire, is one of Wales’ most picturesque seaside towns, offering a mix of stunning beaches, historic charm, and vibrant local culture. The town is famous for its golden sandy beaches, including Castle Beach, North Beach, and South Beach, each providing breathtaking coastal views and opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and watersports. The pastel-colored buildings lining the waterfront add to Tenby’s postcard-perfect appeal, making it a favorite destination for photographers and visitors looking for a relaxing escape.

Beyond the beaches, Tenby boasts a bustling town center filled with independent shops, cafés, and restaurants, offering everything from fresh seafood to traditional Welsh delicacies. The Tudor Merchant’s House, a well-preserved 15th-century building, provides a fascinating glimpse into the town’s medieval past. Visitors can also take a boat trip to Caldey Island, home to a community of Cistercian monks and stunning coastal scenery. Whether exploring the town’s historic streets or enjoying a meal with sea views, Tenby offers a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure.

For outdoor enthusiasts, Tenby is a gateway to the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, with scenic walking trails along the Wales Coast Path. The town hosts seasonal events and festivals, including the Tenby Arts Festival and Ironman Wales, which bring a lively atmosphere to the area. Whether visiting for a peaceful beach retreat or an active holiday, Tenby’s combination of natural beauty and cultural attractions makes it a must-visit destination in Wales.

View our Tenby Guide

Pembroke

Pembroke Castle And Main Street, Pembrokeshire, Wales
CC BY-SA 4.0 / JKMMX

Pembroke, located in Pembrokeshire, is a charming town known for its historic landmarks, scenic beauty, and welcoming atmosphere. One of its most famous attractions is Pembroke Castle, a stunning medieval fortress that played a significant role in British history. Visitors can explore its towering walls, underground caves, and breathtaking views over the surrounding countryside. The town itself offers quaint streets lined with independent shops, cafés, and traditional pubs, making it a great place to wander and soak in the local culture.

Beyond the town center, Pembroke provides easy access to Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, where visitors can enjoy coastal walks, wildlife spotting, and stunning beaches. Freshwater West Beach, just a short drive away, is a favorite among surfers and nature lovers, offering dramatic waves and golden sands. The Pembrokeshire Coastal Path also runs nearby, providing spectacular cliffside views and peaceful walking trails. Whether you’re looking for adventure or relaxation, Pembroke’s natural surroundings make it an ideal destination.

Pembroke is also home to seasonal festivals and cultural events, adding to its lively atmosphere. The town hosts food markets, craft fairs, and historical reenactments, giving visitors a chance to experience local traditions. Nearby attractions such as Lamphey Bishop’s Palace and Carew Castle offer further opportunities to explore Pembrokeshire’s rich heritage. Whether you’re visiting for a weekend getaway or a longer stay, Pembroke offers a perfect mix of history, nature, and local charm.

View our Pembroke Guide

History of South Wales

Prehistoric and Roman South Wales

South Wales was first inhabited during the Paleolithic period, with evidence of early human presence found in caves and along ancient coastlines. By the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, the area had developed into a landscape dotted with burial chambers, standing stones, and early farming settlements. During the Roman occupation, the region was of strategic importance. The Romans established forts, roads, and the important legionary base at Caerleon. Their presence brought new infrastructure and trade, particularly along the Severn and Usk rivers.

Medieval South Wales

In the early medieval period, South Wales became part of several Welsh kingdoms, notably Glywysing, Gwent, and later Morgannwg and Deheubarth. Norman incursions from the 11th century saw the construction of many castles, including Chepstow, Cardiff, and Kidwelly, as the region became a frontier between native Welsh rule and Anglo-Norman authority. The Marcher Lords governed vast territories, and a distinct blend of cultures emerged. Monastic institutions also flourished, influencing the religious and educational landscape of the region.

Industrial and Modern South Wales

The 18th and 19th centuries brought dramatic transformation to South Wales through industrialisation. The region became a powerhouse of coal mining, iron production, and steelworks, with key centres in Merthyr Tydfil, Swansea, and the Rhondda Valleys. This era saw rapid urban growth, labour migration, and a strong trade union movement. The 20th century brought both challenges and revitalisation as heavy industry declined. Today, South Wales is marked by regeneration, a vibrant cultural scene, and a renewed focus on tourism, education, and the creative industries.

Best Time to Visit South Wales

Spring in South Wales

Spring in South Wales brings mild temperatures ranging from 9°C to 15°C, making it a pleasant time to explore the region's coastal paths and countryside. This season sees the landscape come alive with blooming flowers and green hills, ideal for outdoor activities and walking festivals.

Summer in South Wales (Best)

Summer is the best time to visit South Wales, with temperatures typically between 17°C and 22°C. The warmer weather allows for enjoying the beaches, outdoor festivals, and vibrant town centres. This season hosts many cultural events and offers long daylight hours for sightseeing.

Autumn in South Wales

Autumn sees temperatures drop to between 11°C and 16°C, with crisp air and beautiful fall foliage. It's a quieter time for tourism, perfect for those wanting to explore historic sites and enjoy scenic drives through the changing landscape without large crowds.

Winter in South Wales

Winter temperatures in South Wales range from 3°C to 8°C, with occasional frost and rain. While it's the cooler, quieter season, it's still suitable for indoor attractions, cozy pubs, and festive events around Christmas and New Year.

Annual Weather Overview

  • January 8°C
  • February 9°C
  • March 10°C
  • April 13°C
  • May 14°C
  • June 18°C
  • July 19°C
  • August 20°C
  • September 17°C
  • October 14°C
  • November 11°C
  • December 10°C

How to get to South Wales

Getting to South Wales by air

Nearest airports: The main airport serving South Wales is Cardiff Airport, located around 12 miles southwest of Cardiff city centre. It offers regular flights to and from major UK and European cities. For wider international access, Bristol Airport is also a convenient alternative, especially for those heading to Newport or eastern parts of South Wales.

Getting to South Wales by train

South Wales is well connected to the UK rail network. Direct trains from London Paddington to Cardiff Central take around two hours, with services operated by Great Western Railway. Transport for Wales runs services across the region, linking major towns including Newport, Bridgend, and Swansea. Swansea has direct connections to West Wales, while Newport is a hub for those travelling between South Wales and the Midlands.

Getting to South Wales by car

The M4 motorway is the main route into South Wales from southern England. It crosses the Prince of Wales Bridge and continues through Newport, Cardiff, Bridgend and Swansea. The A470 connects Cardiff with the Brecon Beacons and towns like Merthyr Tydfil. Coastal routes like the A48 and A477 offer scenic alternatives.

Travelling around South Wales

Once in South Wales, travel is made easy by a mix of regional trains, buses, and local road networks. Transport for Wales provides comprehensive train services, including branch lines to places like Maesteg, Ebbw Vale and the Vale of Glamorgan. Bus operators such as Stagecoach and First Cymru cover routes between towns and into rural areas. Taxis are widely available in cities, and bike-friendly paths can be found particularly around Cardiff and Swansea.

Festivals in South Wales

Cardiff International Food and Drink Festival

When: August Where: Cardiff A lively celebration of food and drink, featuring local producers, international cuisine, and live entertainment in the heart of the capital.

Green Man Festival

When: August Where: Brecon Beacons A renowned independent music and arts festival set in the stunning Brecon Beacons, offering a diverse lineup of music, literature, and outdoor activities.

Swansea Airshow

When: July Where: Swansea A spectacular seaside event showcasing impressive aerobatic displays and family-friendly entertainment along Swansea Bay.

Hay Festival of Literature & Arts

When: May/June Where: Hay-on-Wye An internationally acclaimed literary festival attracting authors, thinkers, and performers to the ‘town of books’ for a week of talks, workshops, and cultural events.

Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod

When: July Where: Llangollen A vibrant festival celebrating world music and dance, bringing together performers from across the globe in competition and concert.

Big Welsh Bite Food Festival

When: May Where: Cardiff A popular event focusing on Welsh food and drink, with cooking demonstrations, tastings, and activities showcasing regional specialties.

Barry Island Lifeboat Day

When: August Where: Barry Island A community event raising awareness and funds for the RNLI lifeboat service, featuring family activities, live music, and beach fun.

National Eisteddfod of Wales

When: August Where: Various locations in South Wales The largest festival of Welsh culture, celebrating music, literature, and performance with competitions and traditional ceremonies.

Caerphilly Food Festival

When: October Where: Caerphilly A showcase of local produce and culinary talent, held around the historic Caerphilly Castle with markets, demonstrations, and tastings.

Welsh Proms

When: October Where: Cardiff A classical music festival featuring orchestral concerts, choir performances, and a celebration of Welsh musical heritage.