Complete Guide to Bornholm (2025)

Bornholm is a Danish island located in the Baltic Sea, known for its unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and distinctive cultural heritage. The island’s landscape is varied, featuring rocky cliffs, sandy beaches, dense forests, and rolling farmland. Its position between Denmark, Sweden, and Poland has shaped Bornholm’s role as a strategic trading post and cultural crossroads over the centuries.
The island’s main town, Rønne, is a charming harbour city with colorful old buildings, cobblestone streets, and lively markets. Other notable towns include Gudhjem and Svaneke, both famous for their picturesque harbours, artisanal crafts, and traditional smokehouses producing Bornholm’s renowned smoked herring. Bornholm’s food culture, artisan workshops, and festivals celebrate local produce and craftsmanship, making it a popular destination for visitors seeking authentic experiences.
Bornholm also boasts a rich historical heritage, with medieval churches, round towers, and ancient fortifications dotting the landscape. The island’s natural parks and coastal trails offer excellent opportunities for hiking, cycling, and birdwatching. Its peaceful environment, combined with cultural attractions and outdoor activities, make Bornholm a unique and appealing destination within Denmark.
Table of Contents
- Cities of Bornholm
- History of Bornholm
- Prehistoric Bornholm
- Viking Age Bornholm
- Medieval Bornholm
- Early Modern Bornholm
- 20th Century Bornholm
- Contemporary Bornholm
- Cities of Bornholm
- Best Time to Visit Bornholm
- Visiting Bornholm in Spring
- Visiting Bornholm in Summer (Best)
- Visiting Bornholm in Autumn
- Visiting Bornholm in Winter
- How to get to Bornholm
- Getting to Bornholm by Air
- Getting to Bornholm by Ferry
- Getting Around Bornholm
- Visiting Bornholm Towns
- Festivals in Bornholm
Cities of Bornholm
Rønne

Visiting Rønne offers a unique chance to experience the charming capital of Bornholm, known for its picturesque harbor and cobbled streets. The town blends quaint old-world charm with modern amenities, making it an inviting destination for all types of travelers. Strolling through Rønne’s town center, visitors can enjoy vibrant markets, boutique shops, and cozy cafés that showcase local crafts and delicious Bornholm specialties.
Rønne is an excellent base for exploring the wider Bornholm area, with easy access to stunning beaches, scenic cycling routes, and dramatic cliffs. The town itself provides plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities, including harbor walks and waterfront dining. Many visitors appreciate the relaxed atmosphere and friendly locals, which add to the town’s welcoming vibe throughout the year.
Cultural attractions and events also enrich a visit to Rønne. The town hosts seasonal festivals, art exhibitions, and music events that highlight the island’s creative spirit. Whether visiting in summer for lively outdoor events or during quieter months for peaceful exploration, Rønne offers a memorable experience rooted in the natural beauty and culture of the Bornholm region.
View our Rønne GuideSvaneke

Visiting Svaneke offers a delightful experience of a small, picturesque town known for its charming streets and vibrant local culture. The town’s compact size makes it perfect for leisurely strolls, where visitors can explore colorful houses, artisan shops, and cozy cafés. Svaneke’s harbor area is particularly inviting, with fishing boats bobbing gently and a peaceful waterfront atmosphere that encourages relaxation.
Svaneke is well-regarded for its thriving arts and crafts scene, with numerous galleries and workshops showcasing local creativity. Visitors can easily spend time discovering unique handmade products, from pottery to glass art, reflecting the town’s strong tradition of craftsmanship. Seasonal markets and festivals further enliven the town, providing lively settings for tasting local food and meeting artisans.
The natural surroundings of Svaneke enhance its appeal, with nearby beaches, forested trails, and scenic coastal paths. Outdoor enthusiasts will appreciate opportunities for cycling, hiking, and birdwatching in the nearby countryside. Whether visiting in summer for vibrant festivals or quieter seasons for peaceful walks, Svaneke provides a charming and welcoming gateway to the cultural richness of the Bornholm region.
View our Svaneke GuideGudhjem

Visiting Gudhjem offers a unique experience in one of Bornholm’s most picturesque coastal towns. Known for its charming harbor filled with fishing boats and colorful houses perched on steep hills, Gudhjem invites visitors to wander its narrow, winding streets. The town’s relaxed vibe, combined with stunning views of the Baltic Sea, creates a perfect setting for a peaceful getaway or a day trip.
Gudhjem is well-known for its culinary scene, especially its smoked herring, a local specialty that can be sampled at several traditional smokehouses and restaurants. Visitors can enjoy fresh seafood while overlooking the harbor, soaking in the maritime atmosphere. The town also hosts galleries and artisan shops, making it a delightful destination for those interested in local art and crafts.
Outdoor enthusiasts will appreciate Gudhjem’s proximity to natural attractions, including scenic hiking trails along the coast and nearby cliffs. The town is also a gateway to exploring Bornholm’s rugged eastern coastline, where dramatic landscapes meet serene beaches. Whether relaxing by the sea or exploring the surroundings, Gudhjem offers a memorable blend of culture, cuisine, and nature.
View our Gudhjem GuideAllinge

Visiting Allinge offers a charming coastal experience in the northern part of Bornholm. The town is known for its scenic harbor, where colorful fishing boats and yachts create a picturesque setting. Visitors can enjoy wandering along the waterfront, stopping at cafés and shops that showcase local crafts and specialties, making it a lively yet relaxed destination.
Allinge also serves as a gateway to exploring the rugged coastline nearby, with dramatic cliffs and sandy beaches within easy reach. Outdoor enthusiasts can take advantage of numerous hiking and biking trails that offer spectacular views of the Baltic Sea and the surrounding nature. The combination of natural beauty and small-town charm makes Allinge ideal for both adventure and relaxation.
Cultural offerings in Allinge add another layer of appeal. The town has galleries, local events, and festivals that celebrate Bornholm’s artistic heritage. Whether you’re exploring historic sites or simply soaking up the peaceful atmosphere, Allinge provides a welcoming atmosphere that highlights the best of the region’s coastal life.
View our Allinge GuideNexø

Visiting Nexø offers a vibrant marine town experience on the southeastern coast of Bornholm. Its harbor is alive with fishing boats and pleasure crafts, surrounded by charming cafés and seafood eateries. The picturesque town centre is ideal for leisurely strolls along the waterfront, where you can sample locally caught fish and Danish delicacies while taking in harbor views.
Nexø provides a warm and welcoming atmosphere with a strong sense of community, making it enjoyable year-round. The main streets feature artisan shops, bakeries, and galleries showcasing Bornholm craftsmanship, offering a delightful blend of culture and cuisine. Street festivals and outdoor markets bring extra life to the town during the warmer months, celebrating seasonal produce and regional traditions.
Located near rolling countryside, forests, and coastline, Nexø is also a great base for outdoor exploration. Visitors can hike or cycle through nearby nature trails, discover hidden coves, or take boat trips along the coast. The blend of a bustling harbor, local culture, and easy access to natural surroundings makes Nexø an excellent choice for visitors looking for an authentic glimpse of Bornholm life.
View our Nexø GuideHistory of Bornholm
Prehistoric Bornholm
Bornholm has been inhabited since the Stone Age, with archaeological finds including burial mounds, ancient tools, and rock carvings. The island’s early communities were engaged in farming, fishing, and trading, taking advantage of its strategic location in the Baltic Sea.
Viking Age Bornholm
During the Viking Age, Bornholm was an important maritime hub and trading centre. The island’s natural harbours provided safe shelter for ships, and evidence shows it was involved in extensive trade networks across the Baltic and North Seas. Defensive structures and burial sites from this period highlight its significance.
Medieval Bornholm
In the Middle Ages, Bornholm was under Danish rule and became known for its distinctive round churches, built as both places of worship and fortifications. The island’s towns developed around fishing and trade, and several castles and fortresses were constructed to protect against raids and conflicts.
Early Modern Bornholm
Bornholm experienced various military occupations, including by Swedish forces in the 17th century. Its strategic importance continued, with fortifications improved and maintained. The island’s economy remained based on fishing, agriculture, and maritime trade, with gradual modernization in the 18th and 19th centuries.
20th Century Bornholm
Bornholm’s location made it a key strategic point during both World Wars. It was occupied by German forces during World War II and later briefly by the Soviet military. Post-war, the island developed its tourism industry, promoting its natural beauty, historic sites, and cultural traditions.
Contemporary Bornholm
Today, Bornholm is celebrated for its heritage and scenic landscapes. Preservation of historic churches, castles, and traditional crafts is central to the island’s identity. It remains a popular destination for visitors seeking history, outdoor activities, and authentic Danish island culture.
Best Time to Visit Bornholm
Visiting Bornholm in Spring
Spring (March to May) on Bornholm brings mild temperatures rising from around 5°C in March to 14°C in May. The island begins to bloom with flowers and greenery, offering pleasant conditions for hiking, cycling, and exploring historic sites before the summer season.
Visiting Bornholm in Summer (Best)
Summer (June to August) is the best time to visit Bornholm, with temperatures typically between 18°C and 23°C. The weather is warm and sunny, ideal for beach activities, sailing, festivals, and outdoor dining. Long daylight hours allow visitors to fully enjoy the island’s natural beauty and cultural events.
Visiting Bornholm in Autumn
Autumn (September to November) brings cooler temperatures ranging from about 15°C in September down to 7°C in November. The island’s forests and coastal areas turn rich shades of orange and red, making it a scenic time for nature walks and quieter visits to towns like Rønne and Gudhjem.
Visiting Bornholm in Winter
Winter (December to February) is cold and crisp, with temperatures usually between -1°C and 4°C. Snow is possible, adding a magical touch to the landscape. Though quieter, the season offers cozy indoor experiences, festive markets, and peaceful natural scenery.
Annual Weather Overview
- January 4°C 43°F
- February 3°C 42°F
- March 4°C 43°F
- April 6°C 47°F
- May 12°C 57°F
- June 16°C 65°F
- July 19°C 70°F
- August 19°C 70°F
- September 17°C 65°F
- October 12°C 58°F
- November 8°C 50°F
- December 6°C 46°F
How to get to Bornholm
Getting to Bornholm by Air
Bornholm Airport (RNN)
Bornholm Airport, located near Rønne, is the main gateway to the island by air. It offers regular domestic flights connecting Bornholm with Copenhagen Airport and seasonal flights from other Scandinavian cities. The airport provides convenient and quick access to the island’s capital and nearby towns.
Getting to Bornholm by Ferry
Several ferry routes connect Bornholm with mainland Denmark and Sweden. Ferries operate from Køge and Ystad (Sweden) to Rønne, providing passenger and vehicle transport. The ferry journey offers scenic views and is popular among visitors bringing cars or bicycles.
Getting Around Bornholm
Bornholm’s compact size makes it easy to explore by car, bicycle, or public transport. Rønne serves as the main transport hub with bus connections to towns such as Nexø, Gudhjem, and Svaneke. Local buses run regular routes across the island, operated by BAT Bornholm. Cycling is popular, with well-marked bike paths linking key attractions and scenic areas.
Visiting Bornholm Towns
Rønne is the largest town and administrative centre, offering shops, museums, and harbourside dining. Nexø, on the southeastern coast, is known for its fishing heritage and art scene. Gudhjem and Svaneke are picturesque coastal towns famed for their historic architecture, smokehouses, and vibrant cultural life. All are accessible by road and public transport from Rønne.
Festivals in Bornholm
Bornholm Jazz Festival
When: July
Where: Rønne, Gudhjem, Svaneke
A popular music festival featuring jazz performances by Danish and international artists across multiple venues, creating a vibrant atmosphere on the island.
Hammershus Medieval Festival
When: August
Where: Near Allinge
A lively reenactment event at the historic Hammershus Castle ruins, with medieval markets, knights’ tournaments, and traditional crafts celebrating Bornholm’s history.
Bornholm Art Week
When: June
Where: Various towns
An island-wide celebration of contemporary art featuring exhibitions, workshops, and open studios by local artists in galleries and public spaces.
Smokehouse Festival
When: September
Where: Svaneke, Gudhjem
A culinary festival highlighting Bornholm’s famous smoked herring and other local delicacies, combined with music, food markets, and family activities.
Bornholm Marathon
When: May
Where: Rønne
An annual running event drawing participants to experience the island’s scenic routes and challenging terrain in a competitive yet friendly atmosphere.
Solskinsfestivalen (Sunshine Festival)
When: June
Where: Nexø
A lively summer festival with live music, street performances, food stalls, and activities celebrating community spirit and island culture.
Bornholm Film Festival
When: October
Where: Rønne
A showcase of Danish and international films held in various venues around the town, featuring screenings, workshops, and discussions with filmmakers.
Christmas Market in Rønne
When: December
Where: Rønne
A festive market offering handmade crafts, seasonal foods, and holiday entertainment, creating a cozy and traditional atmosphere in the town centre.
Arts and Crafts Weekend
When: May
Where: Svaneke
An event focused on showcasing local artisans, featuring demonstrations, workshops, and markets for visitors interested in handmade products.
Bornholm Bike Festival
When: August
Where: Across the island
A celebration of cycling with guided tours, races, and family rides that explore Bornholm’s diverse landscapes and bike-friendly routes.