Olsztyn, Poland: The Ultimate Travel Guide 2025

Visiting Olsztyn, the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, offers a delightful blend of natural beauty and urban charm. Situated in the northern part of Poland, this picturesque city is surrounded by lush forests and numerous lakes, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers. The city itself is a relaxing mix of historical landmarks, green spaces, and modern amenities, perfect for a weekend getaway or a longer stay. Visitors can easily stroll through its old town, with cobblestone streets, cozy cafes, and vibrant squares.

The natural surroundings of Olsztyn are a major highlight, with multiple hiking and cycling trails for outdoor enthusiasts. The city is close to the Masurian Lake District, known for its serene waters and sprawling forests, which offer excellent opportunities for boating, fishing, and relaxing by the water. Olsztyn’s City Park and Kortowskie Lake are particularly popular, giving visitors a chance to unwind while being surrounded by stunning landscapes. If you enjoy the outdoors, exploring the many parks and green spaces is a must.

For those interested in culture and heritage, Olsztyn has a number of museums and historical buildings to explore. The Olsztyn Castle, perched on a hilltop, offers a fascinating glimpse into the region’s medieval past, and the Planetarium and Observatory provides a unique opportunity to learn about the stars. The city also hosts a variety of festivals throughout the year, including music, theater, and food events, making it an engaging place for visitors seeking both cultural enrichment and outdoor relaxation.

History of Olsztyn

Olsztyn in the Early Middle Ages

The history of Olsztyn dates back to the early medieval period, when it was originally a settlement in the region of Warmia. The area around Olsztyn was populated by the Prussians, an indigenous group of people in the Baltic region, who had their own culture and language. During this time, Olsztyn likely began as a small settlement or fortress, taking advantage of its strategic location near a network of rivers and forests.

In the 14th century, the region became part of the Teutonic Order’s territory. The Teutonic Knights, a military order with roots in the crusades, sought to expand their control over the Prussian territories and fortify the land. Olsztyn became one of the key locations during the Teutonic Knights’ efforts to convert and control the local population. The town was granted Magdeburg rights in 1353, which allowed it to develop a more organized urban structure.

Olsztyn in the Early Modern Period

In the 16th and 17th centuries, Olsztyn grew significantly in importance, both as a political and administrative center. The town became a focal point in the region as part of the Duchy of Prussia, which was under the control of the Polish Crown and later the Kingdom of Prussia. Olsztyn played an important role in the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, as it was influenced by the spread of Protestantism across the region.

During the 17th century, the area faced turmoil due to wars and invasions, notably during the Swedish invasions and the Polish-Swedish conflicts. The town was heavily damaged but later rebuilt, continuing its role as a key administrative and cultural center. The growth of trade and the establishment of institutions such as schools and churches contributed to the city’s development during this time.

Olsztyn in the 19th and 20th Centuries

The 19th century saw Olsztyn become part of the Kingdom of Prussia and later, in 1871, a part of the German Empire. The city’s industrialization during this period led to significant growth, with new infrastructure projects, such as railways and factories, connecting Olsztyn to other parts of Europe. The city’s population expanded rapidly, and Olsztyn developed into a thriving urban center.

After World War I and the subsequent collapse of the German Empire, Olsztyn became part of the newly formed Polish Republic in 1920, following the Treaty of Versailles. However, during World War II, the city was occupied by Nazi Germany and was heavily affected by the war. Following the end of the war in 1945, Olsztyn was incorporated into Poland and underwent significant reconstruction as part of the broader reshaping of the country’s borders.

Olsztyn in the Modern Era

In the post-war years, Olsztyn grew rapidly as part of the socialist republic of Poland. The city underwent major urbanization, with new buildings, schools, and industries emerging. The population continued to grow, and the city transformed into an important center of education, commerce, and culture in the Warmian-Masurian region. The modern Olsztyn is characterized by its vibrant cultural life, a strong emphasis on higher education with the University of Warmia and Mazury, and its proximity to the scenic Masurian Lake District, making it an attractive destination for both residents and tourists.

Visiting Olsztyn for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Olsztyn on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Olsztyn Castle

One of the most iconic landmarks in Olsztyn is the Olsztyn Castle, a medieval structure located in the heart of the city. The castle dates back to the 14th century and was originally built by the Teutonic Knights. Today, it houses a museum that showcases the region’s history, art, and culture. Visitors can explore its impressive halls, the castle tower offering panoramic views, and its charming courtyard.

Entry to the castle costs around 10 PLN for adults, with discounts available for students and seniors. The museum is open daily from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM, though hours may vary in the off-season. It’s a must-visit spot for history enthusiasts and those looking to soak in the local heritage.

2. Kortowskie Lake

Located just a short distance from the city center, Kortowskie Lake is a perfect escape for nature lovers and those seeking outdoor activities. The lake, surrounded by forests and parks, is ideal for a relaxing day of walking, cycling, or picnicking. In summer, it’s a popular spot for swimming, sailing, and kayaking. You can also rent boats to explore the lake or just enjoy the peaceful scenery from the shore.

For those who enjoy a bit of adventure, the lake area is also home to several trails that are great for jogging and cycling. The calm atmosphere makes it an excellent place to unwind or enjoy a serene moment in nature.

3. Planetarium in Olsztyn

For a unique experience in Olsztyn, the Planetarium in Olsztyn offers an amazing journey through space and time. It’s a great place to learn about astronomy, space exploration, and the universe. The planetarium hosts regular shows where visitors can view constellations and planets through high-tech equipment, and the exhibits are informative and engaging for both adults and children.

Entry costs are typically around 15 PLN for adults and 10 PLN for children. It’s open from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, but showtimes vary, so it’s a good idea to check the schedule in advance. The planetarium is a fantastic stop for families or anyone with an interest in science and space.

4. Olsztyn Old Town

The Old Town of Olsztyn is a charming area filled with historic architecture, cobblestone streets, and vibrant cafés. The area features several key landmarks, including the St. James Cathedral, a beautiful Gothic church, and the High Gate. Wander around the picturesque squares and narrow lanes to discover hidden gems, including small boutiques and traditional Polish restaurants.

It’s a perfect area for a leisurely stroll, with several museums, galleries, and local shops adding to the cultural atmosphere. The Old Town is best explored on foot, giving visitors the chance to appreciate the history and beauty of the area up close.

5. Museum of Warmia and Mazury

The Museum of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn is a cultural institution that offers a deep dive into the history of the region. Situated in the former Palace of the Bishops of Warmia, the museum showcases exhibits related to the art, history, and culture of Warmia and Mazury. You’ll find displays about local traditions, famous figures, and regional landscapes, with plenty of artifacts and multimedia installations to engage visitors.

Admission to the museum is typically 10 PLN for adults and free for children under 7. It is open Tuesday through Sunday from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM. This museum is an excellent way to learn more about the area’s past and its cultural significance.

6. Arboretum in the Forest of Warmińsko-Mazurskie

Just outside Olsztyn, the Arboretum in the Forest of Warmińsko-Mazurskie offers a peaceful retreat into nature. This vast botanical garden is home to hundreds of plant species, including various trees and shrubs native to the region. It’s a great place to enjoy a walk, especially during spring and autumn when the foliage is particularly beautiful.

Admission is free, and the arboretum is open year-round from dawn till dusk. It’s an ideal destination for those looking to enjoy the natural beauty of the region and explore its rich biodiversity.

7. Warmia-Mazury Shopping Mall

For a modern shopping experience, head to the Warmia-Mazury Shopping Mall, one of the largest retail centers in Olsztyn. The mall offers a wide variety of stores, including fashion, electronics, and local products, as well as restaurants and cafes. It’s a great place to spend an afternoon browsing or to grab a bite to eat after a day of sightseeing.

The mall is open every day from 9:00 AM to 9:00 PM, making it a convenient stop whether you’re looking for gifts, clothes, or just a place to relax. It’s also home to several entertainment options, such as a cinema.

8. Olsztyn Town Hall

The Olsztyn Town Hall is another historical gem in the city, located in the heart of the Old Town. It’s a Renaissance-style building, dating back to the 16th century, and is home to the city’s administrative offices. Visitors can admire its stunning architecture and visit the small museum located inside.

The Town Hall is often included as part of guided city tours and is a lovely stop for anyone interested in Olsztyn’s architectural heritage. The building is open to the public during working hours, and entry is typically free.

9. St. James Cathedral

The St. James Cathedral is one of Olsztyn’s most important religious landmarks. This Gothic-style cathedral, located in the heart of the city, is not only a place of worship but also a fine example of medieval architecture. The cathedral’s interior is decorated with beautiful stained-glass windows and intricate details that make it worth a visit.

The cathedral is open daily for visitors from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM, and services are held regularly throughout the week. Admission is free, but donations are appreciated.

10. Jezioro Długie (Lake Długie)

For those seeking a quiet and scenic spot, Jezioro Długie, or Lake Długie, located just outside Olsztyn, is a tranquil destination. This picturesque lake offers a peaceful environment, ideal for swimming, fishing, and boat rentals. Surrounded by forested areas, it’s also a great spot for picnics or a relaxing day by the water.

Access to the lake is free, and it’s open year-round, with the summer months offering the best conditions for water-based activities. It’s a hidden gem for nature lovers looking for some quiet time away from the bustle of the city.