Leeuwarden: Capital of Friesland

Visiting Leeuwarden, the vibrant capital of Friesland in the Northern Netherlands, offers a charming blend of culture, creativity, and picturesque canals. The city’s compact centre makes it easy to explore on foot or by bike, where you’ll find lively markets, boutique shops, and cozy cafés lining historic streets. Leeuwarden is known for its welcoming atmosphere and a strong sense of local identity, enriched by Frisian language and traditions.

Art and culture thrive in Leeuwarden, with numerous museums and galleries showcasing everything from contemporary works to traditional Frisian crafts. The city frequently hosts festivals, performances, and exhibitions that celebrate its unique heritage and modern creativity. Visitors can enjoy walking tours that highlight striking street art and impressive architecture, including its iconic leaning tower.

Beyond the city limits, Leeuwarden serves as a gateway to Friesland’s scenic landscapes, including lakes, waterways, and nature reserves. Whether you’re interested in urban exploration or outdoor adventures, Leeuwarden offers a balanced experience. Its friendly vibe and cultural richness make it an engaging destination within the Northern Netherlands region.

History of Leeuwarden

Leeuwarden in the Medieval Period

Leeuwarden developed as a significant settlement during the early Middle Ages, growing around a ford on the River Dokkumer Ee. By the 12th century, it had become an important regional trading centre, benefiting from its strategic position along waterways. The city gained city rights in the 15th century, which allowed it to flourish economically and politically within Friesland.

Leeuwarden in the Early Modern Period

During the 16th and 17th centuries, Leeuwarden experienced growth in commerce and culture despite religious conflicts affecting the region. It became the seat of the Frisian stadtholder, which increased its political importance. The city’s wealth during this time is reflected in its impressive architecture, including grand merchant houses and public buildings.

Leeuwarden in the Modern Era

The 19th and 20th centuries brought industrial development and modernization to Leeuwarden. While the city maintained its historic character, new infrastructure and cultural institutions were established. Leeuwarden continued to serve as a cultural hub, hosting events and fostering Frisian language and traditions. Today, it balances its rich history with contemporary growth and innovation.

Visiting Leeuwarden for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Leeuwarden on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Leeuwarden – Oldehove Tower

The Oldehove Tower is an iconic leaning tower and symbol of Leeuwarden. Though never completed due to its tilt, the tower offers visitors a unique piece of architectural history. Climbing the tower rewards you with panoramic views of the city and surrounding Friesland countryside. The adjacent square and nearby cafés create a charming atmosphere to enjoy after your visit.

The tower is open daily, generally from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, with an entrance fee of around €5 for adults. It’s a must-see landmark and a great starting point to explore the city centre.

2. Leeuwarden – Fries Museum

Fries Museum showcases the culture, history, and art of Friesland, with exhibits ranging from traditional Frisian costumes to modern art and archeological finds. The museum often features temporary exhibitions that highlight both local heritage and international art. Its modern building and well-curated collections make it accessible and engaging for all visitors.

Open Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, tickets cost about €12 for adults, with discounts for students and seniors. The museum is located near the city centre, easily accessible by foot or bike.

3. Leeuwarden – Blokhuispoort

Blokhuispoort is a former prison complex that has been transformed into a vibrant cultural hub. It houses creative studios, shops, restaurants, and event spaces. Visitors can explore the historic architecture, attend art exhibitions, or enjoy a meal in one of the trendy eateries. The unique atmosphere of the Blokhuispoort blends history with modern urban culture.

It’s open daily, with shops and cafés generally operating from morning until late evening. Entry to the complex is free, though some events may require tickets.

4. Leeuwarden – Prinsentuin

Prinsentuin is a beautiful Renaissance-style garden located close to the city centre. This tranquil green space features manicured lawns, ornate fountains, and seasonal flowerbeds. It’s an ideal spot for a peaceful stroll, a picnic, or to relax away from the hustle of the city. The garden’s historic walls and pathways add to its charm.

The garden is open year-round with free admission, making it a popular spot for both locals and visitors.

5. Leeuwarden – AquaZoo Friesland

Located just outside Leeuwarden, AquaZoo Friesland is a family-friendly zoo focused on aquatic and semi-aquatic animals from around the world. Highlights include seals, otters, and tropical fish, as well as interactive exhibits that educate visitors on water ecosystems. It’s a perfect destination for families or animal lovers seeking a fun day out.

Open daily from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, adult tickets are approximately €17, with discounted rates for children and seniors. The zoo is accessible by bus or car within 5 km of the city centre.

6. Leeuwarden – Natuurmuseum Fryslân

The Natuurmuseum Fryslân is a natural history museum showcasing the flora, fauna, and geological heritage of Friesland. Exhibits include fossils, taxidermy animals, and interactive displays that explore the region’s ecosystems. It’s an educational and engaging experience for visitors of all ages interested in nature and science.

The museum operates Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Entry fees are around €9 for adults and reduced for children. It is located within 2 km of the city centre.

7. Leeuwarden – Huize Welgelegen

Huize Welgelegen is a stately 18th-century mansion with beautifully maintained gardens open to the public. The estate offers a glimpse into Friesland’s aristocratic past and features elegant interiors and art exhibitions. The surrounding parkland is perfect for leisurely walks, especially in spring and summer when the gardens are in bloom.

The mansion and gardens are open daily, with free access to the park and a small admission fee for the house and exhibitions, generally about €8.

8. Leeuwarden – St. Boniface Church

St. Boniface Church is a striking neo-Gothic church located in the heart of Leeuwarden. Visitors admire its impressive stained glass windows, ornate altar, and peaceful atmosphere. The church often hosts concerts and cultural events, making it a centre of community life as well as a historic site.

Open daily with free entry, donations are appreciated. Concerts and special services have separate tickets.

9. Leeuwarden – De Blokhuispoorte Market

De Blokhuispoorte hosts regular markets and events within the Blokhuispoort complex. These markets feature local crafts, food stalls, and artisan products, providing a vibrant taste of Friesland’s creativity and community spirit. It’s a lively spot to pick up unique souvenirs and enjoy regional specialties.

Markets typically operate on weekends, with opening times from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Entry is free.

10. Leeuwarden – Prinsentuin Concerts and Events

The Prinsentuin garden frequently serves as a venue for open-air concerts, theatre performances, and festivals during warmer months. These events celebrate local culture and music, attracting both residents and tourists. Attending a concert here allows visitors to experience Leeuwarden’s vibrant arts scene in a beautiful outdoor setting.

Event schedules vary seasonally, with ticket prices depending on the performance. The garden remains open for general visits free of charge when no events are scheduled.