Haarlem: City of Flowers

Visiting Haarlem offers a delightful blend of historic charm and vibrant city life in the Western Netherlands. Just a short train ride from Amsterdam, Haarlem’s compact city centre invites visitors to explore its cobbled streets, picturesque canals, and lively squares. The city is renowned for its well-preserved architecture, from medieval churches to classic Dutch townhouses, creating an inviting atmosphere that is both relaxed and sophisticated.

Haarlem is also known for its rich cultural scene, featuring numerous museums, galleries, and theatres. The Frans Hals Museum showcases masterpieces from the Dutch Golden Age, while the Teylers Museum, the oldest in the Netherlands, offers fascinating exhibits ranging from art to natural history. Throughout the year, Haarlem hosts various festivals and markets, adding to the city’s vibrant appeal.

Beyond the historic centre, Haarlem’s surrounding neighbourhoods and green spaces provide plenty of opportunities for leisurely walks and bike rides. The nearby Zuid-Kennemerland National Park offers scenic dunes and coastal landscapes, perfect for nature lovers. Whether you’re strolling through bustling streets, visiting art galleries, or escaping to the dunes, Haarlem delivers a charming and diverse experience in the heart of the region.

History of Haarlem

Haarlem in the Early Middle Ages

Haarlem’s origins trace back to the early Middle Ages when it developed as a small settlement near the banks of the River Spaarne. By the 10th century, it had grown into an important regional centre, benefiting from its location on key trade routes. During this period, Haarlem began to establish itself as a fortified town, with walls built to protect against Viking raids and other threats.

Haarlem in the Dutch Golden Age

The 16th and 17th centuries marked Haarlem’s golden era, coinciding with the Dutch Golden Age. The city became a thriving hub for art, trade, and culture. Haarlem was home to renowned painters such as Frans Hals and was known for its textile industry. Despite suffering during the Eighty Years’ War, the city rebuilt and prospered, becoming one of the most important cities in the Dutch Republic.

Haarlem in the Modern Era

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Haarlem transitioned into a modern city while preserving much of its historic charm. Industrial development expanded, and new infrastructure improved connections with Amsterdam and other regions. Today, Haarlem balances its rich cultural heritage with contemporary living, maintaining its reputation as a vibrant city known for art, history, and lively community life.

Visiting Haarlem for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Haarlem on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Haarlem – Grote Markt

The Grote Markt is Haarlem’s bustling central square and the heart of the city’s social life. Surrounded by historic buildings, cafés, and shops, it’s the perfect place to soak up the atmosphere. The square hosts weekly markets where you can find fresh produce, flowers, and local delicacies. It’s also home to the impressive St. Bavokerk, a striking Gothic church with a famous Müller organ.

The Grote Markt is open all day, every day, with market days usually on Saturdays. Exploring the square and nearby streets is free, but guided tours of St. Bavokerk may have entry fees and set opening times, generally from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

2. Haarlem – Frans Hals Museum

The Frans Hals Museum celebrates Haarlem’s artistic heritage with an extensive collection of Dutch Golden Age paintings. The museum showcases works by Frans Hals himself and his contemporaries, offering a glimpse into the vibrant art scene of the 17th century. It also hosts temporary exhibitions that highlight both historical and contemporary art.

Open Tuesday through Sunday from 11:00 AM to 5:00 PM, the museum charges around €17 for adults, with reduced rates for students and seniors. It’s a must-visit for art lovers and those interested in Dutch history.

3. Haarlem – Teylers Museum

The Teylers Museum is the oldest museum in the Netherlands, featuring a unique combination of art, science, and natural history. Visitors can explore historic scientific instruments, fossils, and an impressive collection of paintings and prints. The museum’s 18th-century atmosphere adds to the charm of this cultural gem.

Open Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, entry costs approximately €15 for adults, with discounts for youth and seniors. The museum offers guided tours and family-friendly activities.

4. Haarlem – De Haar Castle

Just under 10 km from Haarlem, De Haar Castle is the Netherlands’ largest and most lavish castle. Surrounded by expansive gardens and a moat, the castle offers visitors a glimpse into aristocratic life with its richly decorated rooms and impressive architecture. Seasonal events and fairs are often held on the grounds.

The castle is open from late spring to early autumn, typically 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Admission is around €18 for adults and €10 for children, with guided tours available.

5. Haarlem – Corrie ten Boom House

The Corrie ten Boom House is a museum dedicated to the story of the ten Boom family, who helped hide Jews during World War II. The museum offers a powerful and moving experience through the preserved house and exhibits detailing their courageous efforts and the history of the Dutch resistance.

Open from Tuesday to Sunday, 11:00 AM to 5:00 PM, entrance is about €10 for adults. The museum encourages visitors to book guided tours to fully understand the significance of the site.

6. Haarlem – Haarlemmerhout Park

Haarlemmerhout is the oldest public park in the Netherlands and a green oasis just a short walk from Haarlem’s centre. The park offers walking trails, playgrounds, and open spaces perfect for picnics or relaxation. It’s a favourite among locals for jogging, cycling, and seasonal events.

Open year-round with free entry, Haarlemmerhout provides a peaceful escape from the city hustle and is easily accessible by foot or bike.

7. Haarlem – Beach at Zandvoort

Zandvoort is a popular coastal town just about 10 km from Haarlem, known for its wide sandy beaches and seaside atmosphere. Visitors can enjoy sunbathing, swimming, or beach sports during warmer months. The town also features cafés, beach clubs, and a lively promenade.

The beach is open year-round with no entry fee. Seasonal facilities like beach bars and water sports rentals operate mainly from spring to early autumn.

8. Haarlem – De Adriaan Windmill

De Adriaan is a historic windmill situated on the banks of the Spaarne River. Restored after a fire, the windmill offers insight into traditional Dutch milling and provides stunning views over Haarlem from the top. Visitors can learn about the mill’s history and operation through exhibits and guided tours.

The windmill is generally open from April to October, Wednesday through Sunday, 1:00 PM to 5:00 PM. Admission costs around €5 for adults, with discounts for children.

9. Haarlem – EYE Film Museum (Amsterdam, near Haarlem)

Though technically in Amsterdam, the EYE Film Museum is easily reachable from Haarlem by train and is a must-see for film enthusiasts. The museum offers screenings, exhibitions, and a vast archive of film history. Its striking modern architecture is also a highlight.

Open daily, admission varies depending on exhibitions and screenings, typically starting around €12. The museum has a café and shop onsite.

10. Haarlem – Jopenkerk Brewery

Housed in a converted church, the Jopenkerk Brewery is a unique spot to sample craft beers brewed according to historic recipes. Visitors can enjoy tastings, brewery tours, and a lively atmosphere in a remarkable setting. It’s a great way to experience local culture and flavours.

Open most days from noon to late evening, tours usually require booking in advance and cost around €10-15 per person, which often includes tastings.