Castrovillari: The Complete Guide

CC BY-SA 3.0 / Martire Domenico

Visiting Castrovillari, a charming town in the Calabria region of southern Italy, offers a journey into a place rich in history and surrounded by natural beauty. Nestled at the foot of the Pollino Massif, Castrovillari serves as a gateway to the Pollino National Park, the largest national park in Italy. The town itself is steeped in history, with its origins dating back to Roman times. The Aragonese Castle, a fortress from the 15th century, stands as a testament to its medieval past, offering visitors a glimpse into the town’s strategic importance throughout history. The historic center, with its narrow streets, traditional houses, and ancient churches, invites exploration, providing a true sense of the town’s heritage and culture.

Beyond its historical attractions, Castrovillari is a perfect base for outdoor enthusiasts looking to explore the surrounding Pollino National Park. The park is renowned for its diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to lush forests and deep gorges. Hiking, birdwatching, and exploring the rich biodiversity of the park are popular activities for visitors. In addition to its natural and historical appeal, Castrovillari hosts several cultural events throughout the year, including the famous Carnival of Castrovillari, which is one of the oldest and most colorful in Calabria. Whether you’re interested in history, nature, or local traditions, Castrovillari offers a unique and enriching experience in the heart of southern Italy.

History of Castrovillari

Ancient Origins of Castrovillari

Castrovillari’s history dates back to ancient times, with evidence of human settlement in the area as far back as the Roman period. The town’s name is believed to have originated from the Latin “Castrum Villarum,” which refers to a fortified camp or village, indicating its early role as a Roman outpost. The strategic location of Castrovillari, nestled at the foot of the Pollino Massif, made it an important site for controlling the surrounding valleys and routes in the region. Throughout the Roman era, it served as a key point along the Via Popilia, the road that connected Calabria to the rest of the Italian peninsula.

Castrovillari During the Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, Castrovillari grew in importance under the control of various ruling powers, including the Byzantines, Normans, and Swabians. In the 11th century, the Normans fortified the town, further establishing its role as a military and administrative center in the region. The construction of the Aragonese Castle in the 15th century by King Ferdinand I of Aragon marked a significant development in the town’s history. This fortress was built to defend the area against invasions and rebellions, and it remains one of the most prominent historical landmarks in Castrovillari today. Over the centuries, Castrovillari continued to evolve, blending its rich historical heritage with the cultural influences of the various civilizations that passed through it.

Castrovillari in Modern Times

In the modern era, Castrovillari has maintained its historical charm while developing into a vibrant community. The town played a role in the Risorgimento, the movement for Italian unification in the 19th century, and it continued to grow throughout the 20th century. Despite the challenges of emigration and economic shifts, Castrovillari has preserved its cultural and architectural heritage, with the historic center remaining largely intact. Today, the town is known for its annual events, such as the Carnival of Castrovillari, which showcases its rich traditions and vibrant community spirit. Castrovillari’s history, from its ancient Roman roots to its modern-day cultural significance, makes it a fascinating destination for those interested in exploring the deep historical layers of southern Italy.

Visiting Castrovillari for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Castrovillari on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Explore the Aragonese Castle

The Aragonese Castle, a prominent historical landmark in Castrovillari, dates back to the 15th century. This well-preserved fortress offers insights into the town’s medieval past and provides stunning views of the surrounding area. The castle also hosts cultural events and exhibitions throughout the year.

2. Visit the Pollino National Park

Pollino National Park, the largest national park in Italy, is a must-see for nature lovers. The park offers a wide range of outdoor activities, including hiking, birdwatching, and exploring its diverse landscapes, from rugged mountains to lush forests. The park is also home to unique flora and fauna, including the ancient Bosnian pine.

3. Discover the Church of San Giuliano

The Church of San Giuliano, located in the heart of Castrovillari, is one of the town’s most important religious sites. This beautiful church, with its baroque architecture and rich interior decorations, is dedicated to the town’s patron saint, San Giuliano, and is a focal point of local religious celebrations.

4. Stroll Through the Historic Center

Castrovillari’s historic center is a charming area filled with narrow streets, traditional buildings, and picturesque squares. Walking through this part of town, you’ll discover various historical sites, including ancient churches, old townhouses, and small shops offering local crafts and products.

5. Visit the Archaeological Museum of Castrovillari

The Archaeological Museum of Castrovillari houses a collection of artifacts that showcase the town’s rich history, from prehistoric times through the Roman period. The museum provides a fascinating look into the region’s past, with exhibits that include pottery, tools, and other ancient relics.

6. Experience the Carnival of Castrovillari

The Carnival of Castrovillari is one of the oldest and most vibrant in Calabria. This annual event, held in February, features colorful parades, traditional music, and elaborate costumes. It’s a lively celebration of local culture and an excellent way to experience the town’s festive spirit.

7. Explore the Sanctuary of Madonna del Castello

The Sanctuary of Madonna del Castello is a beautiful religious site located on a hill overlooking Castrovillari. This sanctuary, dedicated to the Madonna of the Castle, offers not only spiritual significance but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. It’s a popular pilgrimage site and a peaceful place for reflection.

8. Visit the Municipal Theatre

The Municipal Theatre of Castrovillari, also known as Teatro Vittoria, is a historic venue that hosts a variety of cultural performances, including plays, concerts, and operas. Attending a show at this beautifully restored theatre is a great way to enjoy the local arts scene.

9. Enjoy Local Cuisine

Castrovillari is known for its delicious Calabrian cuisine, which features traditional dishes such as pasta with ‘nduja (spicy spreadable pork sausage), lamb stews, and local cheeses. Dining at one of the town’s restaurants or trattorias allows you to experience the rich flavors of the region’s culinary heritage.

10. Hike to the Monte Pollino Summit

For adventurous travelers, hiking to the summit of Monte Pollino is a rewarding experience. The trail offers stunning views of the Pollino National Park and the surrounding areas. Reaching the summit, the highest point in the park, provides a sense of accomplishment and an unparalleled view of the Calabrian landscape.