Amsterdam: Venice of the North

Visiting Amsterdam offers a vibrant mix of culture, art, and lively city life in the heart of the Western Netherlands. The city’s famous canals provide a scenic backdrop for exploring its charming neighbourhoods, from the bustling Jordaan district with its boutique shops and cafés to the Museumplein, home to world-class art institutions like the Rijksmuseum and the Van Gogh Museum. Whether wandering cobbled streets or cycling along tree-lined avenues, Amsterdam’s unique blend of old-world charm and modern energy captivates visitors.

Amsterdam is also renowned for its diverse culinary scene, ranging from traditional Dutch eateries to international fusion restaurants. Markets like the Albert Cuypstraat and the food stalls at the vibrant Foodhallen offer tastes for every palate. The city’s vibrant nightlife includes cosy brown cafés, lively music venues, and trendy bars, ensuring there’s something to suit every mood after sunset.

The city is well situated for day trips to other parts of the Western Netherlands, but within Amsterdam itself, easy access by tram, bus, and bike makes it simple to explore its many districts. From relaxing in Vondelpark to enjoying a cruise on the canals, Amsterdam balances a lively urban atmosphere with plenty of green and water spaces, making it a well-rounded destination for all types of travellers.

History of Amsterdam

Early History of Amsterdam

Amsterdam began as a small fishing village in the late 12th century, situated along the banks of the Amstel River. Its name likely derives from “Amstelredamme,” referring to the dam built to control the river’s flow. The village grew steadily due to its strategic location near waterways, which facilitated trade and transport. By the 13th century, Amsterdam had gained official city rights, laying the foundation for its development into a commercial hub.

Amsterdam in the Golden Age

The 17th century marked Amsterdam’s Golden Age, when it became one of the world’s leading ports and financial centres. Fueled by maritime trade, the Dutch East India Company, and colonial expansion, the city flourished economically and culturally. Grand canal rings were constructed, creating the iconic urban landscape seen today. Amsterdam attracted artists, philosophers, and merchants, becoming a vibrant centre for innovation, art, and tolerance.

Modern Amsterdam

During the 19th and 20th centuries, Amsterdam experienced rapid industrialisation and urban expansion, adapting to modern needs while preserving its historic character. The city endured hardships during World War II but emerged resilient, rebuilding and growing as a cultural and economic capital. Today, Amsterdam is known worldwide for its rich heritage, progressive values, and dynamic cultural scene, continuing to attract visitors and residents alike.

Visiting Amsterdam for the first time and wondering what are the top places to see in the city? In this complete guide, I share the best things to do in Amsterdam on the first visit. To help you plan your trip, I have also included an interactive map and practical tips for visiting!

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1. Amsterdam – Rijksmuseum

The Rijksmuseum is the Netherlands’ premier art museum, showcasing a vast collection of Dutch Golden Age masterpieces alongside works from across Europe. Visitors can admire iconic paintings by Rembrandt, Vermeer, and Hals, as well as an extensive display of sculptures, ceramics, and historical artefacts. The museum’s stunning architecture and landscaped gardens add to the experience, making it a must-visit cultural highlight.

Entry costs around €20 for adults, with free admission for visitors under 18. The museum is open daily from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, but it’s best to book tickets in advance to avoid long queues.

2. Amsterdam – Anne Frank House

The Anne Frank House is one of Amsterdam’s most poignant and visited museums. It preserves the secret annex where Anne Frank and her family hid during World War II, offering a powerful insight into the Jewish experience during the Holocaust. The museum combines the historic hiding place with a comprehensive exhibition on human rights and tolerance.

Tickets cost about €14 for adults, and entry is by timed reservation only, open daily from 9:00 AM to 7:00 PM in peak seasons. Early booking is essential due to high demand.

3. Amsterdam – Vondelpark

Vondelpark is Amsterdam’s largest and most famous urban park, perfect for relaxing or enjoying outdoor activities. Covering 47 hectares, it offers walking and cycling paths, open-air theatres, cafés, and playgrounds. Locals and tourists alike flock here to picnic, jog, or simply soak in the greenery.

The park is open year-round, free to enter, and accessible at all hours, making it an ideal spot for both daytime strolls and evening relaxation.

4. Amsterdam – Van Gogh Museum

Dedicated to the life and work of Vincent van Gogh, this museum houses the world’s largest collection of his paintings, drawings, and letters. Visitors can explore the artist’s creative journey, influences, and struggles, with highlights including “Sunflowers,” “The Potato Eaters,” and numerous self-portraits.

Entry costs approximately €19 for adults, with free entry for children under 18. The museum is open daily from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM, with extended hours on Fridays until 10:00 PM.

5. Amsterdam – Jordaan District

The Jordaan is a charming neighbourhood known for its narrow streets, boutique shops, art galleries, and atmospheric cafés. Once a working-class area, it has transformed into one of Amsterdam’s most desirable quarters, blending history with a trendy, creative vibe. Exploring the Jordaan’s canals and courtyards reveals hidden gardens and markets like the Noordermarkt.

No entry fee applies as it is a public area. Best explored on foot or by bike, the district offers numerous places to enjoy Dutch cuisine and local art.

6. Amsterdam – NEMO Science Museum

NEMO is a family-friendly science centre housed in a futuristic green building near the waterfront. It offers interactive exhibits on topics from physics to biology, designed to engage visitors of all ages. Hands-on experiments, workshops, and demonstrations make it a fun and educational destination.

Tickets cost around €17.50 for adults and €15 for children, with the museum open daily from 10:00 AM to 5:30 PM.

7. Amsterdam – Heineken Experience

This popular attraction is a museum and interactive tour dedicated to the history and brewing process of Heineken beer. Visitors walk through the original brewery buildings, tasting samples and learning about the brand’s global reach. The experience includes multimedia displays, virtual reality, and a rooftop bar.

Tickets are approximately €21 per person, open daily from 11:00 AM to 7:30 PM. Advance booking is recommended.

8. Amsterdam – Rembrandt House Museum

Located in the former home and studio of the famous painter Rembrandt van Rijn, this museum offers insight into his life, art, and the 17th-century Amsterdam he inhabited. Original etchings, period furnishings, and demonstrations of etching techniques enrich the visit.

Entry is about €15 for adults, open Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM.

9. Amsterdam – The Royal Palace Amsterdam

Situated on Dam Square, the Royal Palace is an elegant example of Dutch Baroque architecture and serves as one of the King’s official residences. Visitors can tour lavish state rooms, royal collections, and temporary exhibitions. The building’s rich history includes use as city hall and royal residence.

Admission is around €12 for adults, open daily from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, except on official royal events.

10. Amsterdam – Canal Cruise

A canal cruise offers a unique perspective on Amsterdam’s historic centre and its famous waterways. Various operators provide daytime and evening cruises with commentary, including themed options like dinner or candlelight tours. It’s an ideal way to see the city’s architecture, bridges, and houseboats from the water.

Prices typically start at €18 per adult for a standard one-hour cruise. Cruises run daily, with departure points near Central Station and several locations in the city centre.